Peru (Republic of Peru)

By Vexen Crabtree 2013

Comments:
FB, LJ

Peru Republic of Peru
Status	Independent State
Social and Moral Index	63rd best
Capital	Lima
Land Area	1 280 000km²₁
Location	South America, The Americas
Population	32.0m₂
Life Expectancy	74.81yrs (2017)₃
GNI	$11 295 (2017)₄
ISO3166-1 Codes	PE, PER, 604₅
Internet Domain	.pe₆
Currency	Sol (PEN)₇
Telephone	+51₈

1. Overview

“Ancient Peru was the seat of several prominent Andean civilizations, most notably that of the Incas whose empire was captured by Spanish conquistadors in 1533. Peruvian independence was declared in 1821, and remaining Spanish forces were defeated in 1824. After a dozen years of military rule, Peru returned to democratic leadership in 1980, but experienced economic problems and the growth of a violent insurgency. President Alberto FUJIMORI's election in 1990 ushered in a decade that saw a dramatic turnaround in the economy and significant progress in curtailing guerrilla activity. Nevertheless, the president's increasing reliance on authoritarian measures and an economic slump in the late 1990s generated mounting dissatisfaction with his regime, which led to his ouster in 2000. A caretaker government oversaw new elections in the spring of 2001, which installed Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique as the new head of government - Peru's first democratically elected president of indigenous Quechuan ethnicity. The presidential election of 2006 saw the return of Alan GARCIA Perez who, after a disappointing presidential term from 1985 to 1990, oversaw a robust economic rebound. In June 2011, former army officer Ollanta HUMALA Tasso was elected president, defeating Keiko FUJIMORI Higuchi, the daughter of Alberto FUJIMORI. Since his election, HUMALA has carried on the sound, market-oriented economic policies of the three preceeding administrations.”
CIA's The World Factbook (2013)₉

“Peru startles with its variety - parched coastal desert, jagged Andean peaks, lush Amazon rainforest. Its rich culture runs the gamut from sophisticated Lima to mist-shrouded ancient ruins. A visit to South America isn´t complete without a pilgrimage to the glorious Inca citadel of Machu Picchu, but, the truth is, this feted site is just a flash in a 5000-year history of peoples. Walk through the dusted remnants of a vast ancient city at Chan Chan, the largest pre-Columbian ruins in all the Americas. Fly over the puzzling geo-glyphs etched into the arid earth at Nazca. Or venture into the rugged wilds that hem the stalwart fortress of Kuelap. Lima´s great museums, with priceless ceramics, gold and some of the finest textiles in the world, reveal in full detail the sophistication, skill and passion of these lost civilizations. Visit remote communities and see how old ways live on. Peru is as complex as its most intricate weavings. Festivals mix ancient pageantry with stomping brass bands. The urban vanguard beams with artistry and innovation. Trails mark the way from dense jungle to glacial peaks. Immerse yourself in Peru and leave a little closer to the past.”
"The World" by Lonely Planet (2014)₁₀

2. Peru National and Social Development

#economics #human_development

UN HDI (2016)₁₁
Pos.		Lower is better Rank₁₁
1	Norway	1
2	Australia	2
3	Switzerland	2
	...
84	Armenia	84
85	Ukraine	84
86	Jordan	86
87	Peru	87
88	Thailand	87
89	Ecuador	89
90	China	90
91	Fiji	91
	World Avg	94.3
q=188.

Gross National Income Per-Capita (2011)₁₂
Pos.		Higher is better PPP $₁₂
1	Qatar	$129 916
2	Singapore	$78 162
3	Kuwait	$76 075
	...
90	Nauru	$12 058
91	Iraq	$11 608
92	Grenada	$11 502
93	Peru	$11 295
94	Sri Lanka	$10 789
95	Ecuador	$10 536
96	Mongolia	$10 449
97	Maldives	$10 383
	World Avg	$17 240
q=193.

Social & Moral Development Index₁₃_,₁₄
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank₁₃_,₁₄
1	Denmark	27.7
2	Norway	28.3
3	Finland	29.6
	...
59	Armenia	75.3
60	Tunisia	75.5
61	Ukraine	75.5
62	Peru	75.7
63	Macedonia	75.9
64	Cuba	76.2
65	Belarus	76.4
66	UAE	76.6
	World Avg	86.5
q=195.

The United Nations produces an annual Human Development Report which includes the Human Development Index. The factors taken into account include life expectancy, education and schooling and Gross National Income (GNI) amongst many others..

The Social and Moral Development Index concentrates on moral issues and human rights, violence, public health, equality, tolerance, freedom and effectiveness in climate change mitigation and environmentalism, and on some technological issues. A country scores higher for achieving well in those areas, and for sustaining that achievement in the long term. Those countries towards the top of this index can truly said to be setting good examples and leading humankind onwards into a bright, humane, and free future. See: Which are the Best Countries in the World? The Social and Moral Development Index.

3. Peru's Demographics

#birth_control #demographics #health #immigration #life_expectancy #longevity #migration #overpopulation #population

Population:

Peru's population is predicted to rise to 35.49 million by 2030. These millions of extra people will all need space to live, food to eat, energy to consume, and will increase the burden on the planet's resources. This country has a fertility rate of 2.43. The fertility rate is, in simple terms, the average amount of children that each woman has. The higher the figure, the quicker the population is growing, although, to calculate the rate you also need to take into account morbidity, i.e., the rate at which people die. If people live healthy and long lives and morbidity is low, then, 2.0 approximates to the replacement rate, which would keep the population stable. If all countries had such a fertility rate, population growth would end. The actual replacement rate in most developed countries is around 2.1.

Population (2018)₂
Pos.		Population₂
1	China	1.4b
2	India	1.4b
3	USA	327.1m
	...
40	Morocco	36.0m
41	Saudi Arabia	33.7m
42	Uzbekistan	32.5m
43	Peru	32.0m
44	Malaysia	31.5m
45	Angola	30.8m
46	Ghana	29.8m
47	Mozambique	29.5m
	World Avg	39.0m
q=195.

Life Expectancy (2015)₁₂
Pos.		Higher is better Years₁₂
1	Hong Kong	84.16
2	Japan	83.68
3	Italy	83.34
	...
74	Malaysia	74.90
75	Armenia	74.89
76	Romania	74.84
77	Peru	74.81
78	Brazil	74.75
79	Thailand	74.62
80	Mauritius	74.60
81	Kuwait	74.55
	World Avg	71.27
q=190.

Fertility Rate (2013)₁₅
Pos.		2.0 is best₁₅
1	N. Korea	2.00
2	Brunei	1.99
3	St Vincent & Grenadines	2.01
	...
60	Ecuador	2.41
61	Mauritius	1.59
62	Panama	2.42
63	Peru	2.43
64	Barbados	1.57
65	China	1.57
66	Serbia	1.56
67	Libya	2.44
	World Avg	2.81
q=180.

Old-Age Dependency Ratio (2016)₁₆
Pos.		Lower is better Per 100₁₆
1	Uganda	04.3
2	Mali	04.5
3	Chad	04.7
	...
96	Guyana	15.0
97	Fiji	15.3
98	Mexico	15.4
99	Peru	15.5
100	Dominican Rep.	15.6
101	Venezuela	15.6
102	Kazakhstan	15.6
103	Ecuador	16.0
	World Avg	18.3
q=185.

Migration:

Immigrants (2017)₁₇
Pos.		%₁₇
1	UAE	88.4%
2	Kuwait	75.5%
3	Qatar	65.2%
	...
181	Eritrea	0.3%
182	Somalia	0.3%
183	Lesotho	0.3%
184	Peru	0.3%
185	Colombia	0.3%
186	Morocco	0.3%
187	Philippines	0.2%
188	N. Korea	0.2%
	World Avg	9.4%
q=195.

Emigrants (2010)₁₈
Pos.		%₁₈
1	Dominica	104.8%
2	Palestine	68.4%
3	Samoa	67.3%
	...
128	Bahrain	3.7%
129	Gambia	3.7%
130	Chile	3.7%
131	Peru	3.7%
132	Czechia	3.6%
133	Mauritania	3.5%
134	Canada	3.5%
135	Algeria	3.4%
	World Avg	11.5%
q=192.

4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance

#equality #freedom #human_rights #peru #politics #tolerance

Peru does relatively well in ensuring human rights and freedom, compared to many other countries. Peru does the second-best in terms of its nominal commitment to Human Rights₁₉. It comes in the best 20 in speed of uptake of HR treaties₂₀. It does better than average in commentary in Human Rights Watch reports₂₁, eliminating modern slavery₂₂ and in supporting personal, civil & economic freedoms₂₃. Peru does not succeed in everything, however. It does worse than average in terms of its success in fighting anti-semitic prejudice₂₄ (one of the worst in The Americas), opposing gender inequality₂₅, the year from which women could participate in democracy and in supporting press freedom₂₆. "Efforts to prosecute grave human rights abuses committed during the 20-year armed conflict that ended in 2000 have had mixed results"₂₇.

For tables, charts and commentary, see:

Human Rights and Freedom in Peru

5. Peru's Health

#alcohol #birth_control #demographics #health #life_expectancy #longevity #mental_health #obesity #overpopulation #parenting #Peru #population #smoking #suicide #vaccines

Health (2020)₂₈_,₂₉
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank₂₈_,₂₉
1	Hong Kong	18.0
2	Singapore	41.5
3	Maldives	43.3
	...
102	Sao Tome & Principe	94.0
103	Cambodia	94.0
104	Russia	94.5
105	Peru	94.6
106	Andorra	94.8
107	Lithuania	94.8
108	Djibouti	94.9
109	Indonesia	94.9
110	Vanuatu	95.7
	World Avg	92.3
q=187.

The countries with the best overall approach to public health, in terms of both public policy and individual lifestyle choices, are Hong Kong, Singapore and The Maldives₂₈. These countries are worth emulating. And, although often through no fault of the average citizen, the worst countries are S. Sudan, Nigeria and Equatorial Guinea₂₈.

The data sets used to calculate points for each country are its average life expectancy, its alcohol consumption rate, its fertility rate, its smoking rate, its suicide rate, its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance, the prevalence of overweight adults, its adolescent birth rate and its immunizations take-up. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Asia and Europe₂₈, whereas the worst are Africa, Micronesia and Polynesia₂₈.

Health:

Peru does relatively well in encouraging good health, compared to many other countries. Peru comes in the best 20 in its suicide rate₃₀. It does better than average in its smoking rate₃₁ and in its average life expectancy₁₂. Peru does not succeed in everything, however. It does worse than average in its alcohol consumption rate₃₂, its fertility rate₁₅, its adolescent birth rate₂₅ (still good for The Americas), its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance₃₃ and in its immunizations take-up₃₄. The number of overweight adults has increased by 14% during the last 40 years.

Life Expectancy (2015)₁₂
Pos.		Higher is better Years₁₂
1	Hong Kong	84.16
2	Japan	83.68
3	Italy	83.34
	...
74	Malaysia	74.90
75	Armenia	74.89
76	Romania	74.84
77	Peru	74.81
78	Brazil	74.75
79	Thailand	74.62
80	Mauritius	74.60
81	Kuwait	74.55
	World Avg	71.27
q=190.

Alcohol Consumption (2016)₃₂
Pos.		Lower is better Per Capita₃₂
1	Bangladesh	0.0
2	Kuwait	0.0
3	Libya	0.0
	...
93	Cuba	6.1
94	Kyrgyzstan	6.2
95	Guyana	6.3
96	Peru	6.3
97	Bosnia & Herzegovina	6.4
98	Angola	6.4
99	Mexico	6.5
100	Philippines	6.6
	World Avg	6.2
q=189.

Fertility Rate (2013)₁₅
Pos.		2.0 is best₁₅
1	N. Korea	2.00
2	Brunei	1.99
3	St Vincent & Grenadines	2.01
	...
60	Ecuador	2.41
61	Mauritius	1.59
62	Panama	2.42
63	Peru	2.43
64	Barbados	1.57
65	China	1.57
66	Serbia	1.56
67	Libya	2.44
	World Avg	2.81
q=180.

Smoking Rates (2014)₃₁
Pos.		Higher is worse₃₁
182	Montenegro	4 125
181	Belarus	3 831
180	Lebanon	3 023
	...
30	Benin	122
29	Ghana	121
28	Somalia	117
27	Peru	116
26	Haiti	114
25	Eritrea	114
24	India	111
23	Sao Tome & Principe	111
	World Avg	819
q=182.

Suicide Rate (2013)₃₀
Pos.		Per 100k₃₀
1	Haiti	0
2	Grenada	0
3	Egypt	0.1
4	Jordan	0.2
5	Maldives	0.7
6	Azerbaijan	1.3
7	S. Africa	1.8
8	Bahamas	2.5
9	Peru	2.9
10	Kuwait	3.6
11	Armenia	3.9
12	Dominican Rep.	4.6
	World Avg	20.93
q=91.

Food Aid, Health Contributions & WHO Compliance (2017)₃₃
Pos.		Lower is better Rank₃₃
1	Sweden	1
2	Ireland	2
3	Denmark	3
	...
110	Costa Rica	110
111	Dominica	111
112	Romania	112
113	Peru	113
114	Kenya	114
115	Haiti	115
116	Malawi	116
117	Swaziland	117
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Overweight Adults (2016)₃₅
Pos.		Lower is better %₃₅
1	Vietnam	18.3
2	India	19.7
3	Bangladesh	20.0
	...
112	Serbia	57.1
113	Russia	57.1
114	Portugal	57.5
115	Peru	57.5
116	Albania	57.7
117	Romania	57.7
118	Netherlands	57.8
119	Latvia	57.8
	World Avg	49.0
q=191.

Children's Health:

Adolescent Birth Rate (2015)₂₅
Pos.		Lower is better Per 1000₂₅
1	N. Korea	0.5
2	S. Korea	1.6
3	Switzerland	2.9
	...
105	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	46.6
106	Chile	47.8
107	Solomon Islands	48.4
108	Peru	49.1
109	Indonesia	49.6
110	Colombia	50.2
111	St Vincent & Grenadines	51.0
112	Cambodia	51.6
	World Avg	47.9
q=185.

Infant Immunizations 2011-2015 (2015)₃₄
Pos.		Higher is better Avg %₃₄
1	Hungary	99.0
2	China	99.0
3	Uzbekistan	98.9
	...
120	Montenegro	89.9
121	Zimbabwe	89.7
122	Senegal	89.5
123	Peru	89.3
124	Ireland	89.2
125	Sudan	89.2
126	Honduras	88.8
127	Kenya	88.5
	World Avg	88.3
q=194.

6. Peru's Modernity and Learning

#education #english #intelligence #it_security #maths #modernity #religion #research #science #technology #the_internet

Modernity and Learning (2020)₃₆
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank₃₆
1	Finland	8.0
2	Belgium	9.1
3	Denmark	10.0
	...
67	China	61.4
68	Kazakhstan	61.4
69	Tunisia	62.3
70	Peru	62.3
71	Colombia	62.4
72	Georgia	62.8
73	Trinidad & Tobago	62.9
74	Albania	64.1
75	Kenya	64.7
	World Avg	69.0
q=180.

Modernity and Education:

Research and Development (2016)
Pos.		Higher is better % RDP PPP
1	S. Korea	4.29₃₇
2	Israel	4.11₃₇
3	Japan	3.58₃₇
	...
107	Madagascar	0.11₃₈
108	Philippines	0.11₃₉
109	Myanmar (Burma)	0.11₄₀
110	Peru	0.10₄₁
111	Paraguay	0.09₄₂
112	Congo, DR	0.08₄₃
113	Indonesia	0.08₄₄
114	Saudi Arabia	0.07₄₃
	World Avg	0.84
q=126.

Secondary Education (2018)₄₅
Pos.		Higher is better₄₅
1	Luxembourg	100.0%
2	Estonia	100.0%
3	Austria	100.0%
	...
87	Greece	64.8%
88	Guyana	63.3%
89	Ghana	63.1%
90	Peru	62.2%
91	Palestine	61.1%
92	Suriname	60.5%
93	Mexico	59.7%
94	Bahrain	59.6%
	World Avg	63.0%
q=169.

Length of Schooling (2018)₄₆
Pos.		Higher is better Years₄₆
1	Australia	22.1
2	Belgium	19.7
3	Finland	19.3
	...
79	Sri Lanka	14.0
80	China	13.9
81	St Lucia	13.9
82	Peru	13.8
83	Bosnia & Herzegovina	13.8
84	Kuwait	13.8
85	S. Africa	13.7
86	UAE	13.6
	World Avg	13.2
q=193.

Intellectual Endeavours (2017)₃₃
Pos.		Lower is better Rank₃₃
1	Ukraine	1
2	Czechia	2
3	Hungary	3
	...
99	Panama	99
100	Laos	100
101	Cameroon	101
102	Peru	102
103	Cape Verde	103
104	Swaziland	104
105	Albania	105
106	Madagascar	106
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Maths, Science & Reading (2015)₄₇
Pos.		Higher is better Score₄₇
1	Singapore	1655
2	Hong Kong	1598
3	Japan	1586
	...
61	Jordan	1197
62	Indonesia	1186
63	Brazil	1185
64	Peru	1182
65	Lebanon	1129
66	Tunisia	1114
67	Macedonia	1107
68	Kosovo	1087
	World Avg	1389
q=70.

Religiosity (2009)₄₈
Pos.		Lower is better %₄₈
1	Estonia	16
2	Sweden	17
3	Denmark	19
	...
53	El Salvador	83
54	Romania	84
55	Honduras	84
56	Peru	84
57	Iraq	84
58	Nicaragua	84
59	S. Africa	85
60	Tajikistan	85
	World Avg	75.1
q=114.

IQ (2006)₄₉
Pos.		Higher is better₄₉
1	Hong Kong	108
2	Singapore	108
3	S. Korea	106
	...
71	Philippines	86
72	Yemen	85
73	Trinidad & Tobago	85
74	Peru	85
75	Cuba	85
76	Venezuela	84
77	Colombia	84
78	Jordan	84
	World Avg	85.6
q=138.

Technology and Information:

Internet Users (2016)₅₀
Pos.		Higher is better₅₀
1	Iceland	100%
2	Faroe Islands	99%
3	Norway	98%
	...
118	Cape Verde	43%
119	Suriname	42%
120	Bolivia	41%
121	Peru	41%
122	Guyana	40%
123	Grenada	39%
124	El Salvador	38%
125	Bhutan	37%
	World Avg	48.1%
q=201.

IT Security (2013)₅₁
Pos.		Lower is better₅₁
1	Ireland	0.11
2	Luxembourg	0.11
3	Belize	0.11
	...
11	Czechia	0.24
12	Argentina	0.27
13	Hungary	0.27
14	Peru	0.30
15	Latvia	0.33
16	Pakistan	0.38
17	Taiwan	0.44
18	Sweden	0.44
	World Avg	0.98
q=81.

IPv6 Uptake (2017)₅₂
Pos.		Higher is better Ratio₅₂
1	Belgium	55.4
2	Germany	41.8
3	Switzerland	35.1
	...
11	Japan	22.1
12	France	18.8
13	Canada	18.3
14	Peru	18.3
15	Ecuador	18.2
16	Estonia	17.6
17	Malaysia	16.5
18	Norway	14.7
	World Avg	3.82
q=176.

7. National Culture

#charity #corruption #happiness #morals #politics

Personal Charitability (World Position, 2013-2016)₅₃
Pos.		Lower is better₅₃
1	Myanmar (Burma)	1.25
2	USA	1.5
3	New Zealand	3.5
	...
91	Kazakhstan	79.75
92	Portugal	80.25
93	France	80.5
94	Peru	83.75
95	Comoros	84
96	Vietnam	84.5
97	Paraguay	84.75
98	Argentina	86.5
	World Avg	68.1185897435897
q=156.

Corruption (2012-2016)₅₄
Pos.		Higher is better Avg Score₅₄
1	Denmark	90.8
2	New Zealand	90.6
3	Finland	89.4
	...
91	Sri Lanka	37.6
92	Panama	37.4
93	Morocco	37.2
94	Peru	37.0
95	Benin	36.8
96	Colombia	36.6
97	Thailand	36.6
98	Maldives	36.0
	World Avg	43.05
q=176.

Happiness (2018)₅₅
Pos.		Higher is better₅₅
1	Finland	7.6
2	Norway	7.6
3	Denmark	7.6
	...
62	Bolivia	5.8
63	Estonia	5.7
64	Paraguay	5.7
65	Peru	5.7
66	Kosovo	5.7
67	Moldova	5.6
68	Turkmenistan	5.6
69	Hungary	5.6
	World Avg	5.38
q=156.

Creativity and Culture (2017)₃₃
Pos.		Lower is better Rank₃₃
1	Belgium	1
2	Netherlands	2
3	Estonia	3
	...
87	Senegal	87
88	Indonesia	88
89	Cambodia	89
90	Peru	90
91	Jordan	91
92	Haiti	92
93	Tunisia	93
94	Papua New Guinea	94
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Open Trading, Aid and Development (2017)₃₃
Pos.		Lower is better Rank₃₃
1	Ireland	1
2	Denmark	2
3	Sweden	3
	...
93	Mozambique	93
94	Guinea	94
95	Ivory Coast	95
96	Peru	96
97	Libya	97
98	Czechia	98
99	Israel	99
100	Argentina	100
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

8. Peace Versus Instability

#extremism #human_development #peace #politics #religious_violence #terrorism

Global Peace Index (2012)₅₆
Pos.		Lower is better₅₆
1	Iceland	1.11
2	New Zealand	1.24
3	Denmark	1.24
	...
76	Paraguay	1.97
77	Greece	1.98
78	Senegal	1.99
79	Peru	2.00
80	Nepal	2.00
81	Montenegro	2.01
82	Nicaragua	2.01
83	Brazil	2.02
	World Avg	2.02
q=157.

Peacekeeping and Security (2017)₃₃
Pos.		Lower is better Rank₃₃
1	Samoa	1
2	S. Africa	2
3	Tunisia	3
	...
94	Bahamas	94
95	Mauritania	95
96	Nicaragua	96
97	Peru	97
98	Czechia	98
99	Lithuania	99
100	Luxembourg	100
101	Niger	101
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Refugees and UN Treaties (2017)₃₃
Pos.		Lower is better Rank₃₃
1	Austria	1
2	Germany	2
3	Netherlands	3
	...
92	Belarus	92
93	Ghana	93
94	Qatar	94
95	Peru	95
96	Gabon	96
97	Russia	97
98	Papua New Guinea	98
99	Mexico	99
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Impact of Terrorism (2019)₅₇
Pos.		Lower is better Score₅₇
1	Togo	0.00
2	Mongolia	0.00
3	Swaziland	0.00
	...
81	Congo, (Brazzaville)	2.69
82	Ireland	2.69
83	Zimbabwe	2.83
84	Peru	2.84
85	Rwanda	2.95
86	Nicaragua	2.95
87	Jordan	3.09
88	Italy	3.11
	World Avg	2.78
q=150.

9. The Natural Environment

#biodiversity #climate_change #over-exploitation #the_environment

Forest Area Change 1990-2015 (2015)₅₈
Pos.		Higher is better %₅₈
1	Iceland	205.6
2	Bahrain	144.4
3	Uruguay	131.3
	...
121	Burundi	-04.5
122	Antigua & Barbuda	-04.9
123	Congo, DR	-04.9
124	Peru	-05.1
125	Angola	-05.1
126	Singapore	-05.2
127	Mexico	-05.3
128	Solomon Islands	-06.0
	World Avg	02.8
q=184.

Environmental Performance (2018)₅₉
Pos.		Higher is better₅₉
1	Switzerland	87.4
2	France	84.0
3	Denmark	81.6
	...
61	Kuwait	62.3
62	Jordan	62.2
63	Armenia	62.1
64	Peru	61.9
65	Montenegro	61.3
66	Egypt	61.2
67	Lebanon	61.1
68	Macedonia	61.1
	World Avg	56.4
q=180.

Energy to GDP Efficiency (2014)₆₀
Pos.		Higher is better₆₀
1	Hong Kong	26.32
2	Sri Lanka	20.00
3	Panama	17.86
	...
9	Malta	15.15
10	Singapore	15.15
11	Denmark	14.93
12	Peru	14.49
13	Uruguay	14.08
14	UK	13.89
15	Costa Rica	13.51
16	Philippines	13.51
	World Avg	09.29
q=119.

Convention on Biological Diversity
Pos.		Earlier is better Signed
1	China	1993 Dec 29
2	Guinea	1993 Dec 29
3	Cook Islands	1993 Dec 29
	...
27	Norway	1993 Dec 29
28	Zambia	1993 Dec 29
29	Australia	1993 Dec 29
30	Peru	1993 Dec 29
31	Philippines	1994 Jan 06
32	Uruguay	1994 Feb 03
33	Nauru	1994 Feb 08
34	Jordan	1994 Feb 10
	World Avg	1899 Dec 30
q=197.

10. Economic Inequality and Poverty

#capitalism #economics #health #inequality #life_expectancy #poverty #social_development

Inequality in Life Expectancy (2019)₆₁
Pos.		Higher is worse₆₁
184	Chad	40.90
183	Central African Rep.	40.10
182	Sierra Leone	39.00
	...
89	Grenada	11.20
88	Belize	11.10
87	Brazil	10.90
86	Peru	10.80
85	Colombia	10.70
84	Jordan	10.60
83	St Lucia	10.60
82	Mexico	10.50
	World Avg	14.59
q=184.

Income Inequality (Gini Coefficient) (2017)₆₂
Pos.		Lower is better %₆₂
1	Ukraine	25.0
2	Belarus	25.4
3	Slovenia	25.4
	...
116	Togo	43.1
117	Zimbabwe	43.2
118	Chad	43.3
119	Peru	43.3
120	Mexico	43.4
121	Ghana	43.5
122	Rwanda	43.7
123	Bolivia	44.0
	World Avg	38.1
q=152.

Multidimensional Poverty (2018)₆₃
Pos.		Lower is better Severity₆₃
1	Armenia	.001
2	Ukraine	.001
3	Serbia	.001
	...
40	Iraq	.033
41	Suriname	.041
42	Mongolia	.042
43	Peru	.053
44	Gabon	.066
45	Nicaragua	.074
46	Swaziland	.081
47	Morocco	.085
	World Avg	.154
q=101.

11. Religion and Beliefs

#belief #buddhism #christianity #god #hinduism #islam #judaism #religion

Religiosity (2009)₄₈
Pos.		Lower is better %₄₈
1	Estonia	16
2	Sweden	17
3	Denmark	19
	...
53	El Salvador	83
54	Romania	84
55	Honduras	84
56	Peru	84
57	Iraq	84
58	Nicaragua	84
59	S. Africa	85
60	Tajikistan	85
	World Avg	75.1
q=114.

Disbelief In God (2007)₆₄
Pos.		Higher is better %₆₄
1	Vietnam	81
2	Japan	65
3	Sweden	64
	...
80	Ecuador	1
81	S. Africa	1
82	Venezuela	1
83	Peru	1
84	Guatemala	1
85	El Salvador	1
86	Panama	1
87	Somalia	0
	World Avg	9.9
q=137.

Data from the Pew Forum, a professional polling outfit, states that in 2010 the religious makeup of this country was as follows in the table below₆₅:

Christian	95.5%
Muslim	0.1%
Hindu	0.1%
Buddhist	0.2%
Folk Religion	1%
Jew	0.1%
Unaffiliated	3%

The CIA World Factbook has slightly different data, and states: Roman Catholic 81.3%, Evangelical 12.5%, other 3.3%, unspecified or none 2.9% (2007 Census)₆₆.

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