Tanzania (United Republic of Tanzania)

Tanzania United Republic of Tanzania
Status	Independent State
Social and Moral Index	146th best
Capital	Dar es Salaam (administrative/judicial) and Dodoma (legislative)
Land Area	885 800km21
Location	Africa
Population	56.3m2
Life Expectancy	66.20yrs (2017)3
GNI	$2 664 (2017)4
ISO3166-1 Codes	TZ, TZA, 8345
Internet Domain	.tz6
Currency	Shilling (TZS)7
Telephone	+2558

1. Overview
2. Tanzania National and Social Development
3. Tanzania's Demographics and Migration
4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance
5. Tanzania's Health
   1. Health Datasets
   2. Children's Health Datasets
6. Tanzania's Responsibility Towards The Environment
7. Tanzania's Modernity and Learning
   1. Modernity Datasets
   2. Education Datasets
   3. Technology and Information Datasets
8. Tanzania's Culture, Peace and Inequality
   1. National Culture Datasets
   2. Peace Versus Instability Datasets
   3. Economic Inequality and Poverty Datasets
9. Religion and Beliefs
10. Links

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1. Overview

“Shortly after achieving independence from Britain in the early 1960s, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule ended in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. The formation of a government of national unity between Zanzibar's two leading parties succeeded in minimizing electoral tension in 2010.”

CIA's The World Factbook (2013)₉

“Wildlife galore, idyllic beaches, snow-capped Kilimanjaro, moss-covered ruins, friendly people, fascinating cultures - Tanzania has all this and more wrapped up in one adventurous package. Tanzania is the land of safaris, with wildebeest stampeding across the plains, hippos jostling for space in rivers, elephants kicking up the dust and chimpanzees swinging through the treetops. Wherever you go in the country, there are unparalleled opportunities to experience wildlife.

But it´s not just the wildlife that enchants visitors. Tanzania´s magical Indian Ocean coastline is also magical, with its tranquil islands, long beaches and sleepy villages steeped in centuries of Swahili culture. Coconut palms sway in the breeze, dhows glide by on the horizon, and colourful fish flit past spectacular corals in the turquoise waters.

More than anything, though, it is Tanzania´s people that make a visit to the country so memorable, with their characteristic warmth and politeness, and the dignity and beauty of their cultures. Chances are you will want to come back for more, to which most Tanzanians would say `karibu tena´ (welcome again).”

"The World" by Lonely Planet (2014)₁₀

2. Tanzania National and Social Development

#economics #human_development #wealth

UN HDI (2021)11
Pos.		Higher is better Value11
1	Switzerland	0.962
2	Norway	0.961
3	Iceland	0.959
	...
157=	Papua New Guinea	0.558
158	Mauritania	0.556
159	Ivory Coast	0.550
160	Tanzania	0.549
161	Pakistan	0.544
162	Togo	0.539
163=	Haiti	0.535
163=	Nigeria	0.535
	Africa Avg	0.56
	World Avg	0.72
q=191.

Gross National Income Per-Capita (2021)11
Pos.		Higher is better PPP $11
1	Liechtenstein	$146 830
2	Singapore	$90 919
3	Qatar	$87 134
	...
165	Congo, (Brazzaville)	$2 889
166	Haiti	$2 848
167	Lesotho	$2 700
168	Tanzania	$2 664
169	Solomon Islands	$2 482
170	Guinea	$2 481
171	Ethiopia	$2 361
172	Rwanda	$2 210
	Africa Avg	$5 339
	World Avg	$20 136
q=193.

Social & Moral Development Index12
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank12
1	Denmark	28.1
2	Norway	29.9
3	Sweden	31.0
	...
143	Gabon	109.2
144	N. Korea	109.9
145	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	110.3
146	Tanzania	110.9
147	Micronesia	111.1
148	Burkina Faso	111.2
149	Madagascar	112.0
150	Uganda	112.3
	Africa Avg	115.3
	World Avg	89.4
q=200.

The United Nations produces an annual Human Development Report which includes the Human Development Index. The factors taken into account include life expectancy, education and schooling and Gross National Income (GNI) amongst many others..

The Social and Moral Development Index concentrates on moral issues and human rights, violence, public health, equality, tolerance, freedom and effectiveness in climate change mitigation and environmentalism, and on some technological issues. A country scores higher for achieving well in those areas, and for sustaining that achievement in the long term. Those countries towards the top of this index can truly said to be setting good examples and leading humankind onwards into a bright, humane, and free future. See: Which are the Best Countries in the World? The Social and Moral Development Index.

3. Tanzania's Demographics and Migration

#birth_control #demographics #fertility #health #immigration #life_expectancy #longevity #migration #overpopulation #population #yemen

Population Datasets:

Tanzania's population is predicted to rise to 81.85 million by 2030. These millions of extra people will all need space to live, food to eat, energy to consume, and will increase the burden on the planet's resources. This country has a fertility rate of 4.66. The fertility rate is, in simple terms, the average amount of children that each woman has. The higher the figure, the quicker the population will grow, although, to calculate the rate you also need to take into account morbidity - the rate at which people die. If people live healthy and long lives and morbidity is low, then, 2.0 approximates to the replacement rate (two new children for each set of parents who die), which would keep the population stable. If all countries had such a fertility rate, population growth would end. The actual replacement rate in most developed countries is around 2.1, once you take mortality into account₁₃. The highest fertility rate ever detected in a single year was in Yemen in 1985, at 8.86.₁₄

Population2
Pos.		2018 Population2
1	China	1.4b
2	India	1.4b
3	USA	327.1m
	...
22	France	65.0m
23	Italy	60.6m
24	S. Africa	57.8m
25	Tanzania	56.3m
26	Myanmar	53.7m
27	Kenya	51.4m
28	S. Korea	51.2m
29	Colombia	49.7m
	World Avg	39.0m
q=195.

Life Expectancy Higher is better11
Pos.		2021 Years11
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
138	Fiji	67.1
139	Senegal	67.1
140	Eritrea	66.5
141	Tanzania	66.2
142	Pakistan	66.1
143	Rwanda	66.1
144	Palau	66.0
145	Gabon	65.8
	World Avg	71.28
q=195. Also scored for 1990s-2010s.

Fertility Rate 2.0 is best15
Pos.		202215
1	US Virgin Islands	2.00
2	Ecuador	2.00
3	Nepal	2.01
	...
194	Afghanistan	4.52
195	Mozambique	4.56
196	Gambia	4.59
197	Tanzania	4.66
198	Burkina Faso	4.67
199	Benin	4.90
200	Burundi	4.98
201	Nigeria	5.14
	World Avg	2.47
q=208. Also scored for 1960s-2010s.

Old-Age Dependency Ratio Lower is better16
Pos.		2016 Per 10016
1	Uganda	04.3
2	Mali	04.5
3=	Chad	04.7
	...
29=	Lesotho	06.1
29=	Kenya	06.1
31=	S. Sudan	06.2
31=	Tanzania	06.2
31=	Sao Tome & Principe	06.2
34	Comoros	06.3
35=	Mozambique	06.4
35=	Madagascar	06.4
	World Avg	18.3
q=185.

• The Population of the Earth
• Abortion, Birth Control and Contraception

Migration Datasets:

Immigrants17
Pos.		2017 %17
1	UAE	88.4%
2	Kuwait	75.5%
3	Qatar	65.2%
	...
158	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	0.9%
159	Zambia	0.9%
160	Bangladesh	0.9%
161	Tanzania	0.9%
162	Mozambique	0.8%
163	Jamaica	0.8%
164	El Salvador	0.7%
165	Laos	0.7%
	World Avg	9.4%
q=195.

Emigrants18
Pos.		2010 %18
1	Dominica	104.8%
2	Palestine	68.4%
3	Samoa	67.3%
	...
179	USA	0.8%
180	Namibia	0.7%
181	Ethiopia	0.7%
182	Tanzania	0.7%
183	Brazil	0.7%
184	Saudi Arabia	0.7%
185	Qatar	0.7%
186	Nigeria	0.6%
	World Avg	11.5%
q=192.

4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance

#antisemitism #equality #freedom #gender_equality #human_rights #morals #politics #prejudice #tanzania #tanzania_antisemitism #tolerance

Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance (2025)19
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank19
1	Sweden	7.8
2	Netherlands	8.7
3	Denmark	8.8
	...
136	Tajikistan	109.9
137	Ivory Coast	110.4
138	Sao Tome & Principe	111.8
139	Tanzania	112.4
140	Laos	113.3
141	China	113.4
	Africa Avg	116.66
	World Avg	89.80
q=199.

Tanzania is generally poor at ensuring human rights and freedom compared to the rest of the world. Tanzania comes in the best 20 in terms of its success in fighting anti-semitic prejudice₂₀ (the lowest in Africa). It does better than average in terms of combatting modern slavery₂₁ and in commentary in Human Rights Watch reports₂₂. But unfortunately Tanzania gets most other things wrong. It does worse than average for supporting press freedom₂₃, supporting personal, civil & economic freedoms₂₄ (still low for Africa), its nominal commitment to Human Rights₂₅, opposing gender inequality₂₆ (still good for Africa), freethought₂₇, its average Freedom in the World rating and in LGBT equality in the 2020s₂₈. Since appointment in 2015, President John Pombe Magufuli "has restricted basic freedoms through repressive laws and decrees. Critical journalists, politicians, human rights defenders, civil society activists and senior United Nations officials have faced various threats, intimidation and arbitrary detention by government authorities"₂₉. In 2016 the government initiated an ongoing and unprecedented campaign to harass and intimidate LGBT folk and disrupt their advocates, including forced medical examinations for signs of homosexuality₂₉. It is a moral requirement that the government defends minorities and protects the rights of adult to have consensual relations, not instigating needless prejudice against them based on sexuality.

For tables, charts and commentary, see:

• Human Rights and Freedom in Tanzania

5. Tanzania's Health

#health

Compared to Africa (2025)30
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank30
1	Mauritius	72.2
2	Tunisia	73.9
3	Seychelles	78.0
	...
20	Djibouti	126.1
21	Lesotho	126.2
22	Burundi	126.4
23	Tanzania	127.7
24	Swaziland	127.8
25	Mauritania	128.7
26	Congo, (Brazzaville)	128.9
27	Malawi	129.8
28	Togo	130.0
	Africa Avg	127.77
q=54.

Health (2025)30
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank30
1	Monaco	10.3
2	Liechtenstein	30.1
3	Japan	40.8
	...
163	Lesotho	126.2
164	Burundi	126.4
165	Cook Islands	127.5
166	Tanzania	127.7
167	Swaziland	127.8
168	Micronesia	127.9
169	Mauritania	128.7
170	Congo, (Brazzaville)	128.9
	World Avg	97.39
q=207.

The countries with the best overall approach to public health, in terms of both public policy and individual lifestyle choices, are Monaco, Liechtenstein and Japan₃₁. These countries are worth emulating. And, although often through no fault of the average citizen, the worst countries are Angola, Somalia and S. Sudan₃₁.

42 datasets are used to calculate points for each country, including multiple decades of data on its average life expectancy, its alcohol consumption rate, its fertility rate, its smoking rate, its suicide rate, its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance, the prevalence of overweight adults, obesity rate, its adolescent birth rate, delivery rate of infant DTP immunizations, delivery rate of 7x Infant Immunizations 2011-2015 and childhood mortality. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Europe and The Mediterranean₃₁, whereas the worst are Micronesia, Africa and Melanesia₃₁.

For more, see:

• "Countries With the Healthiest Cultures and Health Policies" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

5.1. Health Datasets

#2010s #alcohol #birth_control #demographics #health #life_expectancy #longevity #mental_health #obesity #overpopulation #smoking #suicide #tanzania

Tanzania has some poor policies and cultural issues which cause some public health problems. Tanzania does better than average in its smoking rate₃₂, the prevalence of overweight adults₃₃, its suicide rate₃₄ and in delivery rate of 7x Infant Immunizations 2011-2015₃₅. Tanzania still has work to do. Tanzania does worse than average in terms of its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance₃₆ (still low for Africa), its average life expectancy₁₁ (still good for Africa), its alcohol consumption rate₃₇, delivery rate of infant DTP immunizations in the 2020s₃₈ and in childhood mortality in the 2020s₃₉. And finally, it falls into the worst 20 in its adolescent birth rate₄₀ and in its fertility rate₁₅. The prevalence of overweight adults has increased by 14% over the past 40 years. Life expectancy in Tanzania in 1990 was 51.5yrs, lower than the global average of 64.6. It improved by +15.5yrs in the 30 years from then, almost double the global average of +7.9yrs. Tanzania's peak fertility rate was 7 in 1975.

Life Expectancy Higher is better11
Pos.		2021 Years11
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
138	Fiji	67.1
139	Senegal	67.1
140	Eritrea	66.5
141	Tanzania	66.2
142	Pakistan	66.1
143	Rwanda	66.1
144	Palau	66.0
145	Gabon	65.8
	Africa Avg	62.79
	World Avg	71.28
q=195. Also scored for 1990s-2010s.

Alcohol Consumption Lower is better37
Pos.		2016 Per Capita37
1	Bangladesh	0.0
2	Kuwait	0.0
3	Libya	0.0
	...
139=	Grenada	9.3
139=	S. Africa	9.3
141=	St Kitts & Nevis	9.4
141=	Tanzania	9.4
143	Uganda	9.5
144	Barbados	9.6
145=	Argentina	9.8
145=	Georgia	9.8
	Africa Avg	4.8
	World Avg	6.2
q=189.

Fertility Rate 2.0 is best15
Pos.		202215
1	US Virgin Islands	2.00
2	Ecuador	2.00
3	Nepal	2.01
	...
194	Afghanistan	4.52
195	Mozambique	4.56
196	Gambia	4.59
197	Tanzania	4.66
198	Burkina Faso	4.67
199	Benin	4.90
200	Burundi	4.98
201	Nigeria	5.14
	Africa Avg	3.97
	World Avg	2.47
q=208. Also scored for 1960s-2010s.

Smoking in the 2020s Lower is better32
Pos.		Smoking in the 2020s %32
1	Nigeria	3.3%
2	Ghana	3.4%
3	Panama	5.2%
	...
25	El Salvador	8.9%
26	UAE	9.0%
27	Iceland	9.3%
28	Tanzania	9.3%
29	Mauritania	9.5%
30	Swaziland	9.5%
31	Jamaica	9.7%
32	Malawi	9.7%
	Africa Avg	12.4%
	World Avg	20.0%
q=165. Also scored for 2000s-2020s.

Suicide Rate in the 2010s Lower is better34
Pos.		Suicide Rate in the 2010s Per 100k34
1=	Jordan	1.00
1=	Sao Tome & Principe	1.00
1=	Antigua & Barbuda	1.00
	...
34	Morocco	3.63
35	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	3.66
36	Honduras	4.07
37	Tanzania	4.15
38	Mali	4.16
39	Colombia	4.21
40	Barbados	4.24
41	Niger	4.43
	Africa Avg	7.70
	World Avg	9.24
q=185. Also scored for 2000s-2010s.

Food Aid, Health Contributions & WHO Compliance Lower is better36
Pos.		2017 Rank36
1	Sweden	1
2	Ireland	2
3	Denmark	3
	...
98	Colombia	98
99	Vietnam	99
100	Lesotho	100
101	Tanzania	101
102	Equatorial Guinea	102
103	Barbados	103
104	Venezuela	104
105	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	105
	Africa Avg	117.0
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Overweight Adults Lower is better33
Pos.		1976 %33
1	Bangladesh	4.7
2	Vietnam	5.1
3	Nepal	5.4
	...
28=	Guinea-Bissau	8.9
28=	Mali	8.9
28=	Thailand	8.9
31	Tanzania	9.0
32=	Philippines	9.1
32=	Guinea	9.1
34=	Congo, DR	9.2
34=	Nigeria	9.2
	Africa Avg	13.4
	World Avg	27.1
q=191.

Adult Obesity Lower is better41
Pos.		2022 %41
1	Vietnam	2.1%
2	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	2.2%
3	Ethiopia	2.4%
	...
42	N. Korea	10.9%
43	France	10.9%
44	Kenya	11.0%
45	Tanzania	11.4%
46	Indonesia	11.5%
47	Yemen	11.6%
48	Bhutan	12.0%
49	Ghana	12.1%
	Africa Avg	13.7%
	World Avg	24.7%
q=199. Also scored for 1990s-2010s.

5.2. Children's Health Datasets

#children's_health #health #parenting #population #vaccines

Adolescent Birth Rate Lower is better40
Pos.		2022 Per 100040
1	Hong Kong	1.6
2	Denmark	1.8
3	S. Korea	2.1
	...
185	Malawi	117.2
186	Madagascar	118.1
187	Liberia	122.0
188	Tanzania	123.4
189	Chad	135.7
190	Angola	135.8
191	Equatorial Guinea	136.4
192	Mali	147.7
	Africa Avg	84.6
	World Avg	43.8
q=195. Also scored for 1990s-2010s.

Infant DTP Immunizations (2020s) Higher is better38
Pos.		Infant DTP Immunizations (2020s) Avg %38
1=	Luxembourg	99.0
1=	Oman	99.0
1=	Niue	99.0
	...
141	Vietnam	88.4
142	Macedonia	88.3
143	Cambodia	88.2
144	Tanzania	88.0
145	Pakistan	87.9
146=	Cook Islands	87.8
146=	Swaziland	87.8
148	Montenegro	87.5
	Africa Avg	82.9
	World Avg	88.5
q=211. Also scored for 1980s-2020s.

7x Infant Immunizations (2011-2015) Higher is better35
Pos.		2015 Avg %35
1=	Hungary	99.0
1=	China	99.0
3	Uzbekistan	98.9
	...
78	Bolivia	94.2
79=	UAE	94.0
79=	Bangladesh	94.0
79=	Tanzania	94.0
79=	Germany	94.0
83	Lithuania	93.9
84	Estonia	93.9
85	N. Korea	93.8
	Africa Avg	81.7
	World Avg	88.3
q=194.

Infant Mortality (2020s) Lower is better39
Pos.		Infant Mortality (2020s) Per 100039
1	San Marino	2.11
2	Finland	2.59
3	Luxembourg	2.60
	...
155	Ghana	54.29
156	Congo, (Brazzaville)	54.48
157	Laos	55.34
158	Tanzania	56.34
159	Uganda	58.61
160	Kiribati	58.77
161	Malawi	60.75
162	Swaziland	60.78
	Africa Avg	71.63
	World Avg	32.19
q=195. Also scored for 1960s-2020s.

Tanzania was amongst 49 countries in the 1990s who had an adolescent birth rate of over 100 (per 1000 girls aged 15-19); in the 2010s it was still amongst only 27 countries that fell into the same grouping.

6. Tanzania's Responsibility Towards The Environment

#biodiversity #climate_change #deforestation #environmentalism #food #internationalism #meat #over-exploitation #tanzania #the_environment #veganism #vegetarianism

Compared to Africa (2025)42
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank42
1	Morocco	46.5
2	Burundi	47.8
3	Mali	51.0
	...
10	Ghana	58.6
11	Tunisia	60.1
12	Niger	61.3
13	Tanzania	61.6
14	Ethiopia	61.7
15	Cameroon	62.6
16	Burkina Faso	63.1
17	Gambia	63.3
18	Senegal	63.4
	Africa Avg	78.58
q=53.

Responsibility Towards The Environment (2025)42
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank42
1	Sri Lanka	34.9
2	Uruguay	43.2
3	Switzerland	45.0
	...
30	Vietnam	60.6
31	Niger	61.3
32	Greece	61.4
33	Tanzania	61.6
34	Ethiopia	61.7
35	Indonesia	61.9
36	Cameroon	62.6
37	Italy	63.1
	World Avg	84.93
q=199.

We have known for a long term that we must protect the environment from habitation destruction, over-exploitation, pollution, and the emissions that cause climate change. In 1998, Greenpeace wrote that "Environment can no longer be meaningfully separated from health, quality of life, democracy, education, economy or trade"₄₃. What countries have been doing the right thing, via legislation and national culture? All countries' current and historical approach towards the environment is gauged via 21 datasets, including multiple decades of data on its forested percent change 2000-2020, its environmental performance, energy to GDP efficiency, its sign-up rate to major international accords on protecting the environment, the rate of rational beliefs on the environment in the population, reducing annual meat consumption per person and its score on the Green Future Index.

The countries that do the best (Sri Lanka, Uruguay and Switzerland) tend to have avoided the excesses of early industrial countries, and have not yet repeated the same mistakes of environmental destruction - at least, not on the same scale. The regions with the best average results per country are Central America, South America and Scandinavia. The worst are Eritrea, The Vatican City and Timor-Leste (E. Timor), and the worst regions Micronesia, Australasia and Melanesia.

For more, see:

• "Countries With the Best Environmental Records" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

With regard to its responsibility towards the environment, Tanzania comes 33rd in the world. This rank is calculated from 21 data sets. Tanzania comes in the best 20 in energy to GDP efficiency₄₄ (one of the best in Africa) and in reducing annual meat consumption per person₄₅. It does better than average in terms of the rate of rational beliefs on the environment in the population₄₆ and in its sign-up rate to major international accords on protecting the environment. Tanzania still has work to do. Tanzania does worse than average in its environmental performance₄₇ (still good for Africa) and in its forested percent change 2000-2020₄₈.

Environmental Performance Higher is better47
Pos.		201847
1	Switzerland	87.4
2	France	84.0
3	Denmark	81.6
	...
116	Oman	51.3
117	Zambia	51.0
118	Grenada	50.9
119	Tanzania	50.8
120	China	50.7
121	Thailand	49.9
122	Micronesia	49.8
123	Libya	49.8
	Africa Avg	46.4
	World Avg	56.4
q=180.

Energy to GDP Efficiency Lower is better44
Pos.		2022 Avg44
1	Rwanda	0.25
2	Chad	0.26
3	Tanzania	0.31
4	Uganda	0.37
5	Sierra Leone	0.37
6	Malawi	0.37
7	Madagascar	0.38
8	Sri Lanka	0.39
9	Burundi	0.41
10	Central African Rep.	0.41
11	Ethiopia	0.42
12	Afghanistan	0.43
	Africa Avg	0.83
	World Avg	1.23
q=165. Also scored for 1960s-2010s.

International Accords on the Environment Higher is better
Pos.		International Accords on the Environment Avg Rate
1	Sweden	83%
2	Canada	82%
3	Norway	81%
	...
79	Cameroon	62%
80	Philippines	62%
81	Seychelles	62%
82	Tanzania	62%
83	Russia	62%
84	Togo	61%
85	Thailand	61%
86	Zambia	61%
	Africa Avg	56.4%
	World Avg	57.5%
q=197. Also scored for 1970s-2020s.

Rational Beliefs on the Environment Higher is better46
Pos.		2011 %46
1	Argentina	78.3%
2	Greece	77.6%
3	Brazil	77.1%
	...
50	Laos	45.3%
51	Slovenia	45.1%
52	Spain	44.8%
53	Tanzania	44.2%
54	Bosnia & Herzegovina	44.0%
55	Congo, (Brazzaville)	44.0%
56	Yemen	43.2%
57	Sri Lanka	43.1%
	Africa Avg	38.3%
	World Avg	39.9%
q=145.

Meat Consumption Lower is better45
Pos.		2021 kg45
1	Congo, DR	03.0
2	Burundi	03.5
3	Bangladesh	04.3
	...
15	Mozambique	10.4
16	Sierra Leone	11.7
17	Sri Lanka	12.0
18	Tanzania	12.1
19	Ivory Coast	12.6
20	Cambodia	12.6
21	N. Korea	12.8
22	Bhutan	13.6
	Africa Avg	24.9
	World Avg	52.5
q=185. Also scored for 2010s.

7. Tanzania's Modernity and Learning

#education #modernity #technology #the_internet

Compared to Africa (2025)49
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank49
1	S. Africa	63.3
2	Seychelles	63.4
3	Tunisia	68.7
	...
31	Burkina Faso	130.7
32	Madagascar	131.6
33	Lesotho	131.8
34	Tanzania	132.1
35	Rwanda	135.7
36	Guinea-Bissau	136.6
37	Central African Rep.	137.0
38	Guinea	139.0
39	Malawi	141.7
	Africa Avg	124.71
q=54.

Modernity & Learning (2025)49
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank49
1	Finland	6.1
2	Iceland	8.1
3	Denmark	8.8
	...
163	Burkina Faso	130.7
164	Madagascar	131.6
165	Lesotho	131.8
166	Tanzania	132.1
167	Rwanda	135.7
168	Guinea-Bissau	136.6
169	Central African Rep.	137.0
170	Tuvalu	138.6
	World Avg	84.96
q=197.

The most modern countries, with the best results from education, the highest levels of research, and with the easiest access to information on the Internet, are Finland, Iceland and Denmark₅₀. The worst countries are S. Sudan, Eritrea and Somalia₅₀. Despite improves in global education, access to tertiary (adult) education is becoming increasingly unequal between the rich haves and the poor have-nots₅₁.

“Education, at all levels and ages, is the single most vital support for equality as well as being a country's most vital economic and social resource. [...] Every successful aspirant to modernisation and economic development, from Japan to South Korea, China to Chile, has got there with a big emphasis on education.”

Bill Emmott (2017)₅₂

27 datasets are used to calculate points for each country, including multiple decades of data on Research and Development, Intellectual Endeavours, metric system adoption rate, Religiosity, IQ, Secondary Education, Length of Schooling, Maths, Science & Reading, the percent of citizens with access to the internet, Freedom On The Internet, IT Security, IPv6 Uptake and digital quality of life. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Baltic States and Europe₅₀, whereas the worst are Melanesia, Africa and Micronesia₅₀.

For more, see:

• " Which Countries are Most Modern, With the Best Education and Internet Access?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

7.1. Modernity Datasets

#intelligence #metric #religion #religiosity #research #science #secularisation

Research & Development Higher is better
Pos.		2016 % RDP PPP
1	S. Korea	4.2953
2	Israel	4.1153
3	Japan	3.5853
	...
67	Jordan	0.4354
68	Mozambique	0.4255
69	Thailand	0.3956
70=	Tanzania	0.3855
70=	Romania	0.3853
70=	Montenegro	0.3857
70=	Chile	0.3853
70=	Ghana	0.3855
	Africa Avg	0.36
	World Avg	0.84
q=126.

Intellectual Endeavours Lower is better36
Pos.		2017 Rank36
1	Ukraine	1
2	Czechia	2
3	Hungary	3
	...
153	Cambodia	153
154	Zambia	154
155	Paraguay	155
156	Tanzania	156
157	Equatorial Guinea	157
158	Guyana	158
159	Afghanistan	159
160	Indonesia	160
	Africa Avg	106.4
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Metric System Adoption Rate Higher is better58
Pos.		2025 %58
1=	Slovakia	100
1=	Poland	100
1=	Portugal	100
	...
128=	Barbados	90
128=	Togo	90
128=	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	90
128=	Tanzania	90
128=	Syria	90
128=	Swaziland	90
128=	Sudan	90
128=	Sri Lanka	90
	Africa Avg	90
	World Avg	92
q=187. Also scored for 1960s-2020s.

Tanzania officially adopted metric in 1967₅₉. Progression:

• 1960 (50%): Colonial legacy mix; metric in science.
• 1970 (70%): Metrication via standards acts; commerce/education shift.
• 1980 (85%): Metric dominant officially; informal legacy persists.
• 2000 (90%).
• 2025 (90%).

Religiosity Lower is better60
Pos.		2018 %60
1	China	3
2	Estonia	6
3	Czechia	7
	...
98=	Zambia	91
99	Afghanistan	92
100=	Burkina Faso	93
100=	Tanzania	93
100=	Indonesia	93
103=	Mali	94
103=	Pakistan	94
105=	Ethiopia	98
	Africa Avg	87.0
	World Avg	54.3
q=106.

IQ Higher is better61
Pos.		200661
1=	Hong Kong	108
1=	Singapore	108
3	S. Korea	106
	...
103	Nepal	78
104	Mauritania	76
105	Uganda	73
106=	Tanzania	72
106=	Kenya	72
106=	S. Africa	72
109=	Zambia	71
109=	Jamaica	71
	Africa Avg	70.6
	World Avg	85.6
q=138.

7.2. Education Datasets

#education

Secondary Education Higher is better62
Pos.		201862
1=	Luxembourg	100.0%
1=	Estonia	100.0%
1=	Austria	100.0%
	...
158	Sudan	17.5%
159	Ethiopia	17.1%
160	Rwanda	16.3%
161	Tanzania	14.3%
162	Mali	13.1%
163	Papua New Guinea	12.5%
164	Bhutan	12.0%
165	Guinea	11.7%
	Africa Avg	34.4%
	World Avg	63.0%
q=169.

Length of Schooling Higher is better63
Pos.		2021 Years63
1	Australia	21.1
2	New Zealand	20.3
3	Greece	20.0
	...
177	Gambia	9.4
178	Tuvalu	9.4
179	Mauritania	9.4
180	Tanzania	9.2
181	Syria	9.2
182	Burkina Faso	9.1
183	Yemen	9.1
184	Senegal	9.0
	Africa Avg	11.0
	World Avg	13.5
q=193. Also scored for 1990s-2010s.

7.3. Technology and Information Datasets

#it_security #modernity #technology #the_internet

Internet Users (2020s) Higher is better
Pos.		Internet Users (2020s)
1=	Iceland	99%
1=	Kuwait	99%
1=	UAE	99%
	...
169	Guinea	25%
170	Papua New Guinea	24%
171	Pakistan	23%
172	Tanzania	22%
173	Liberia	21%
174	Somalia	21%
175	Niger	20%
176	Sierra Leone	19%
	Africa Avg	41.0%
	World Avg	67.8%
q=188. Also scored for 1990s-2020s.

IT Security Lower is better64
Pos.		201364
1=	Ireland	0.11
1=	Luxembourg	0.11
1=	Belize	0.11
	...
67	Germany	1.46
68	Netherlands	1.47
69	Rwanda	1.50
70	Tanzania	1.50
71	Maldives	1.57
72	China	1.59
73	Angola	1.61
74	Sri Lanka	1.67
	Africa Avg	1.07
	World Avg	0.98

Digital Quality of Life Higher is better65
Pos.		202465
1	Germany	77.9%
2	Finland	76.9%
3	France	73.9%
	...
109	Cambodia	29.4%
110	Honduras	28.5%
111	Burkina Faso	27.0%
112	Tanzania	26.9%
113	Uganda	26.9%
114	Tajikistan	25.9%
115	Zimbabwe	24.9%
116	Mali	24.9%
	Africa Avg	32.3%
	World Avg	48.4%
q=121.

8. Tanzania's Culture, Peace and Inequality

#charitability #culture #equality #human_development #inequality #peace

Compared to Africa (2025)66
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank66
1	Mauritius	51.4
2	Seychelles	66.9
3	Tunisia	76.2
	...
15	Malawi	99.8
16	Kenya	101.2
17	Mauritania	101.8
18	Tanzania	101.9
19	Lesotho	103.7
20	Sierra Leone	104.3
21	Burkina Faso	105.2
22	Gabon	105.9
23	Uganda	105.9
	Africa Avg	110.07
q=54.

Culture, Peace & Inequality (2025)66
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank66
1	Denmark	11.6
2	Finland	13.4
3	Netherlands	13.6
	...
132	Palestine	100.9
133	Kenya	101.2
134	Mauritania	101.8
135	Tanzania	101.9
136	Venezuela	103.3
137	Lesotho	103.7
138	Sierra Leone	104.3
139	Bangladesh	104.5
	World Avg	81.27
q=187.

This is the final pillar of the Social and Moral Development Index; it has 32 datasets, including multiple decades of data on World Giving Index, resisting corruption, overall happiness, Creativity and Culture, passport utility (so far), Open Trading, Aid and Development, its Global Peace Index rating, Peacekeeping and Security, Refugees and UN Treaties, the impact of terrorism, poverty (so far), life expectancy inequality, Income Inequality (Gini Coefficient) and Multidimensional Poverty.

For more, see:

• "Which are the Countries for International Contributions, Creativity, Peace and Inequality?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

8.1. National Culture Datasets

#burundi #central_african_republic #charity #corruption #happiness #internationalism #morals #politics #tanzania

World Giving Index Higher is better67
Pos.		2022 %67
1	Indonesia	68.0
2	Kenya	61.0
3	USA	59.0
	...
98=	Gabon	34.0
98=	Taiwan	34.0
100=	Bangladesh	33.0
100=	Tanzania	33.0
102=	Spain	32.0
102=	Benin	32.0
102=	Jordan	32.0
102=	France	32.0
	Africa Avg	38.2
	World Avg	39.6
q=125. Also scored for 2010s.

Corruption Higher is better68
Pos.		2022 Points68
1	Denmark	90.0
2=	Finland	87.0
2=	New Zealand	87.0
	...
94=	Ethiopia	38.0
94=	Brazil	38.0
94=	Argentina	38.0
94=	Tanzania	38.0
94=	Morocco	38.0
99=	Ivory Coast	37.0
99=	Lesotho	37.0
101=	Serbia	36.0
	Africa Avg	32.31
	World Avg	42.98
q=180. Also scored for 1990s-2010s.

In 1998, Tanzania began to be included in the Corruption Perception Index data, and entered at 5th-worst.

Happiness Higher is better69
Pos.		2024 Score69
1	Finland	7.7
2	Denmark	7.5
3	Iceland	7.5
	...
133	Sri Lanka	3.9
134	Bangladesh	3.9
135	Egypt	3.8
136	Tanzania	3.8
137	Swaziland	3.8
138	Lesotho	3.8
139	Comoros	3.8
140	Yemen	3.6
	Africa Avg	4.42
	World Avg	5.58
q=147. Also scored for 2010s.

After a slow decline, in 2016 Tanzania became the 3^rd unhappiest country in the world, after the Central African Republic and Burundi.

Creativity & Culture Lower is better36
Pos.		2017 Rank36
1	Belgium	1
2	Netherlands	2
3	Estonia	3
	...
118	Colombia	118
119	Brazil	119
120	Honduras	120
121	Tanzania	121
122	Zimbabwe	122
123	Egypt	123
124	Burkina Faso	124
125	Dominican Rep.	125
	Africa Avg	117.8
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Passport Reach (2020s) Higher is better70
Pos.		Passport Reach (2020s) Q70
1	Singapore	192.2
2	Japan	192.0
3	S. Korea	190.7
	...
118	Malawi	73.8
119	Kenya	72.8
120	Indonesia	72.5
121	Tanzania	71.8
122=	Dominican Rep.	70.5
122=	Zambia	70.5
124	Tunisia	70.2
125	Azerbaijan	69.3
	Africa Avg	62.9
	World Avg	108.8
q=195. Also scored for 2000s-2020s.

Open Trading, Aid & Development Lower is better36
Pos.		2017 Rank36
1	Ireland	1
2	Denmark	2
3	Sweden	3
	...
140	Afghanistan	140
141	Belize	141
142	Slovakia	142
143	Tanzania	143
144	St Vincent & Grenadines	144
145	Samoa	145
146	Jamaica	146
147	Syria	147
	Africa Avg	96.7
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

8.2. Peace Versus Instability Datasets

#extremism #human_development #peace #politics #religious_violence #terrorism

Global Peace Index Lower is better71
Pos.		2023 Score71
1	Iceland	1.12
2	Denmark	1.31
3	Ireland	1.31
	...
88=	Bangladesh	2.05
88=	Rwanda	2.05
90	Ivory Coast	2.05
91	Tanzania	2.06
92	Thailand	2.06
93	Gabon	2.07
94	Georgia	2.07
95	Algeria	2.09
	Africa Avg	2.29
	World Avg	2.07
q=163. Also scored for 2010s.

Peacekeeping & Security Lower is better36
Pos.		2017 Rank36
1	Samoa	1
2	S. Africa	2
3	Tunisia	3
	...
9	Moldova	9
10	Morocco	10
11	Oman	11
12	Tanzania	12
13	Cameroon	13
14	Singapore	14
15	Colombia	15
16	Costa Rica	16
	Africa Avg	83.6
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Refugees & UN Treaties Lower is better36
Pos.		2017 Rank36
1	Austria	1
2	Germany	2
3	Netherlands	3
	...
82	Paraguay	82
83	Sierra Leone	83
84	Israel	84
85	Tanzania	85
86	Jamaica	86
87	Nicaragua	87
88	Niger	88
89	India	89
	Africa Avg	104.5
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Impact of Terrorism Lower is better72
Pos.		2019 Score72
1	Togo	0.00
2	Mongolia	0.00
3	Swaziland	0.00
	...
88	Italy	3.11
89	Paraguay	3.12
90	Bahrain	3.20
91	Tanzania	3.27
92	Spain	3.35
93	Bolivia	3.39
94	Algeria	3.41
95	Sweden	3.45
	Africa Avg	3.41
	World Avg	2.78
q=150.

8.3. Economic Inequality and Poverty Datasets

#capitalism #economics #health #inequality #life_expectancy #poverty #social_development

Inequality in Life Expectancy Lower is better73
Pos.		201973
1	Iceland	2.40
2=	Singapore	2.50
2=	Hong Kong	2.50
	...
150	Ethiopia	24.90
151=	Swaziland	25.10
151=	Malawi	25.10
153	Tanzania	25.30
154	Zambia	26.50
155	Uganda	27.20
156	Sudan	27.40
157	Afghanistan	28.30
	Africa Avg	26.10
	World Avg	14.59
q=184.

Income Inequality (Gini Coefficient) Lower is better74
Pos.		2023 %74
1	Slovakia	24.1%75
2	Slovenia	24.3%75
3	Belarus	24.4%76
	...
118	Micronesia	40.1%77
119	Jamaica	40.2%75
120	Peru	40.3%78
121	Tanzania	40.5%79
122	Uruguay	40.6%78
123=	Argentina	40.7%78
123=	Sao Tome & Principe	40.7%80
123=	Philippines	40.7%75
	Africa Avg	40.7%
	World Avg	36.5%
q=167. Also scored for 1980s-2010s.

Income inequality data is rarely available for Tanzania - only for 5 years between 1980 and 2019.

Multidimensional Poverty Lower is better81
Pos.		2018 Severity81
1	Armenia	.001
2	Ukraine	.001
3	Serbia	.001
	...
77	Zambia	.261
78	Uganda	.269
79	Afghanistan	.272
80	Tanzania	.273
81	Sudan	.279
82	Angola	.282
83	Gambia	.286
84	Senegal	.288
	Africa Avg	.264
	World Avg	.154
q=101.

9. Religion and Beliefs

#buddhism #christianity #hinduism #islam #judaism #oman #religion #religiosity #secularisation

From 2010 to 2020, Tanzania saw a 6 drop in the precent of the population that describe themselves as Muslim, the 2^nd-biggest drop of all Muslim countries (after Oman); in that period, +3% of the population started describing themselves as Christian.

Religiosity (2018)60
Pos.		Lower is better %60
1	China	3
2	Estonia	6
3	Czechia	7
	...
91=	Honduras	90
91=	Cameroon	90
91=	Rwanda	90
91=	Liberia	90
95=	Morocco	91
95=	Guinea-Bissau	91
95=	Philippines	91
95=	Zambia	91
99	Afghanistan	92
100=	Burkina Faso	93
100=	Tanzania	93
100=	Indonesia	93
103=	Mali	94
103=	Pakistan	94
105=	Ethiopia	98
105=	Senegal	98
	World Avg	54.3
q=106.

Pew Forum polling over the decades has found the following adherency rates:₈₂:

	2010	2020
Christian	61.7%	64.7%
Muslim	35.4%	29.9%
Unaffiliated	2.18%	3.48%
Other	0.747%	1.96%
Hindu	<0.1%	<0.1%
Jewish	<0.1%	<0.1%
Buddhist	<0.1%	<0.1%

The CIA World Factbook has slightly different data, and states: mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 35%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim₈₃.

Links:

• A List of All Religions and Belief Systems
• Secularisation Theory: Will Modern Society Reject Religion? What is Secularism?