Sudan (Republic of the Sudan)

Sudan Republic of the Sudan
Status	Independent State
Social and Moral Index	192nd best
Capital	Khartoum
Land Area	2 376 000km21
Location	Africa
Population	41.8m2
Life Expectancy	65.27yrs (2017)3
GNI	$3 575 (2017)4
ISO3166-1 Codes	SD, SDN, 7365
Internet Domain	.sd6
Currency	Dinar (SDD)7
Telephone	+2498

1. Overview
2. Sudan National and Social Development
3. Sudan's Demographics and Migration
4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance
5. Sudan's Health
6. Sudan's Responsibility Towards The Environment
7. Sudan's Modernity and Learning
8. Sudan's Culture, Peace and Inequality
9. Religion and Beliefs
10. Links

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1. Overview

#chad #ethiopia #south_sudan #UK

“Military regimes favoring Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics since independence from the UK in 1956. Sudan was embroiled in two prolonged civil wars during most of the remainder of the 20th century. These conflicts were rooted in northern economic, political, and social domination of largely non-Muslim, non-Arab southern Sudanese. The first civil war ended in 1972 but broke out again in 1983. The second war and famine-related effects resulted in more than four million people displaced and, according to rebel estimates, more than two million deaths over a period of two decades. Peace talks gained momentum in 2002-04 with the signing of several accords. The final North/South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed in January 2005, granted the southern rebels autonomy for six years followed by a referendum on independence for Southern Sudan. The referendum was held in January 2011 and indicated overwhelming support for independence. South Sudan became independent on 9 July 2011. Since southern independence Sudan has been combating rebels from the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North (SPLM-N) in Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile states. A separate conflict, which broke out in the western region of Darfur in 2003, has displaced nearly two million people and caused an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 deaths. The UN took command of the Darfur peacekeeping operation from the African Union in December 2007. Peacekeeping troops have struggled to stabilize the situation, which has become increasingly regional in scope and has brought instability to eastern Chad. Sudan also has faced large refugee influxes from neighboring countries primarily Ethiopia and Chad. Armed conflict, poor transport infrastructure, and lack of government support have chronically obstructed the provision of humanitarian assistance to affected populations.”

CIA's The World Factbook (2013)₉

“There is no country on earth that travellers are as apprehensive to visit as they are pained to leave. The Sudanese are as diverse as they are mysterious, as generous as they are welcoming. Wake at the break of day under the golden pyramids of godlike kings of old; traverse a searing desert to the place where two Nile rivers become one and watch a million blood red fish swarm through gardens of coral. Whichever way you look at it, there´s just no denying that among Sudan´s sweeping hills of sand lie treasures the rest of the world are only just beginning to understand.

Until July 2011 Sudan was the biggest country in Africa, but now, with South Sudan having broken away to form a new nation, maps of Africa are being redrawn. This redefining of national boundaries is making for huge changes, geographically, politically, financially and culturally, for the Sudanese. But for a traveller some things never change; Sudanese hospitality remains second to none, and for most people, travelling through Sudan is such an eye-opening and rewarding experience that many come away saying that Sudan was their favourite country in Africa.”

"The World" by Lonely Planet (2014)₁₀

2. Sudan National and Social Development

#economics #human_development #wealth

UN HDI (2021)11
Pos.		Higher is better Value11
1	Switzerland	0.962
2	Norway	0.961
3	Iceland	0.959
	...
169	Malawi	0.512
170	Senegal	0.511
171	Djibouti	0.509
172	Sudan	0.508
173	Madagascar	0.501
174	Gambia	0.500
175	Ethiopia	0.498
176	Eritrea	0.492
	Africa Avg	0.56
	World Avg	0.72
q=191.

Gross National Income Per-Capita (2021)11
Pos.		Higher is better PPP $11
1	Liechtenstein	$146 830
2	Singapore	$90 919
3	Qatar	$87 134
	...
156	Zimbabwe	$3 810
157	Micronesia	$3 696
158	Cameroon	$3 621
159	Sudan	$3 575
160	Benin	$3 409
161	Senegal	$3 344
162	Zambia	$3 218
163	Comoros	$3 142
	Africa Avg	$5 339
	World Avg	$20 136
q=193.

Social & Moral Development Index12
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank12
1	Denmark	29.1
2	Norway	32.3
3	Sweden	34.1
	...
189	Chad	127.3
190	Iraq	127.4
191	Afghanistan	130.2
192	Sudan	130.5
193	Equatorial Guinea	132.0
194	Angola	132.1
195	Eritrea	136.3
196	S. Sudan	140.9
	Africa Avg	119.0
	World Avg	88.9
q=199.

The United Nations produces an annual Human Development Report which includes the Human Development Index. The factors taken into account include life expectancy, education and schooling and Gross National Income (GNI) amongst many others..

The Social and Moral Development Index concentrates on moral issues and human rights, violence, public health, equality, tolerance, freedom and effectiveness in climate change mitigation and environmentalism, and on some technological issues. A country scores higher for achieving well in those areas, and for sustaining that achievement in the long term. Those countries towards the top of this index can truly said to be setting good examples and leading humankind onwards into a bright, humane, and free future. See: Which are the Best Countries in the World? The Social and Moral Development Index.

3. Sudan's Demographics and Migration

#birth_control #demographics #fertility #health #immigration #life_expectancy #longevity #migration #overpopulation #population #yemen

Population:

Sudan's population is predicted to rise to 50.75 million by 2030. These millions of extra people will all need space to live, food to eat, energy to consume, and will increase the burden on the planet's resources. This country has a fertility rate of 4.38. The fertility rate is, in simple terms, the average amount of children that each woman has. The higher the figure, the quicker the population will grow, although, to calculate the rate you also need to take into account morbidity - the rate at which people die. If people live healthy and long lives and morbidity is low, then, 2.0 approximates to the replacement rate (two new children for each set of parents who die), which would keep the population stable. If all countries had such a fertility rate, population growth would end. The actual replacement rate in most developed countries is around 2.1. The highest fertility rate ever detected in a single year was in Yemen in 1985, at 8.86.₁₃

Population2
Pos.		2018 Population2
1	China	1.4b
2	India	1.4b
3	USA	327.1m
	...
32	Ukraine	44.2m
33	Uganda	42.7m
34	Algeria	42.2m
35	Sudan	41.8m
36	Iraq	38.4m
37	Poland	37.9m
38	Afghanistan	37.2m
39	Canada	37.1m
	World Avg	39.0m
q=195.

Life Expectancy Higher is better11
Pos.		2021 Years11
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
147	Myanmar (Burma)	65.7
148	Papua New Guinea	65.4
149	Marshall Islands	65.3
150	Sudan	65.3
151	Ethiopia	65.0
152	Tuvalu	64.5
153	Madagascar	64.5
154	Mauritania	64.4
	World Avg	71.28
q=195.

Fertility Rate 2.0 is best14
Pos.		202214
1	US Virgin Islands	2.00
2	Ecuador	2.00
3	Nepal	2.01
	...
189=	Ivory Coast	4.34
189=	Mauritania	4.34
191	Cameroon	4.38
192	Sudan	4.38
193	Uganda	4.47
194	Afghanistan	4.52
195	Mozambique	4.56
196	Gambia	4.59
	World Avg	2.47
q=208.

Old-Age Dependency Ratio Lower is better15
Pos.		2016 Per 10015
1	Uganda	04.3
2	Mali	04.5
3=	Chad	04.7
	...
40	Ethiopia	06.6
41=	Swaziland	06.6
42	Central African Rep.	06.8
43=	Sudan	06.8
43=	Mauritania	06.8
43=	Kuwait	06.8
46	Congo, (Brazzaville)	07.0
47=	Solomon Islands	07.0
	World Avg	18.3
q=185.

• The Population of the Earth
• Abortion, Birth Control and Contraception

Migration:

Immigrants16
Pos.		2017 %16
1	UAE	88.4%
2	Kuwait	75.5%
3	Qatar	65.2%
	...
131	Central African Rep.	1.9%
132	Romania	1.9%
133	Japan	1.8%
134	Sudan	1.8%
135	Albania	1.8%
136	Pakistan	1.7%
137	Nepal	1.7%
138	Poland	1.7%
	World Avg	9.4%
q=195.

Emigrants17
Pos.		2010 %17
1	Dominica	104.8%
2	Palestine	68.4%
3	Samoa	67.3%
	...
150	Argentina	2.4%
151	Cambodia	2.3%
152	Uganda	2.2%
153	Sudan	2.2%
154	Chad	2.1%
155	Australia	2.1%
156	Serbia	2.0%
157	Venezuela	1.8%
	World Avg	11.5%
q=192.

4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance

#equality #freedom #gender_equality #human_rights #islam #morals #politics #prejudice #south_sudan #sudan #sudan_human_rights #tolerance

Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance (2025)18
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank18
1	Sweden	6.1
2	Denmark	8.6
3	Norway	9.0
	...
192	Myanmar (Burma)	145.3
193	Turkmenistan	145.8
194	Equatorial Guinea	146.0
195	Sudan	150.2
196	Eritrea	153.3
197	Afghanistan	155.8
	Africa Avg	110.04
	World Avg	86.55
q=199.

Sudan is amongst the very worst places in the world at ensuring any human rights and freedoms, and it has severe cultural issues when it comes to tolerance and equality. Sudan does worse than average in terms of its nominal commitment to Human Rights₁₉, opposing gender inequality₂₀ and in supporting press freedom₂₁ (amongst the worst in Africa). And finally, it falls into the worst 20 for commentary in Human Rights Watch reports₂₂ (one of the lowest in Africa), eliminating modern slavery₂₃, freethought₂₄ (amongst the highest in Africa), its average Freedom in the World rating (one of the worst in Africa) and in LGBT equality₂₅ (one of the lowest in Africa). "Sudan´s human rights record continued to be defined by government repression and violations of basic civil and political rights [and] disregard for obligations on civilian protection under international humanitarian law"₂₆. There is no freedom of religion_26,27, and religious persecution, based on Islam, occurs at the worst possible rate₂₇; converting from Islam attracts the death penalty. The imposition of Shari'ah law on Christian communities fed two horrific civil wars₂₈, eventually leading to the independence of South Sudan.

For tables, charts and commentary, see:

• Human Rights and Freedom in Sudan

5. Sudan's Health

#alcohol #birth_control #demographics #health #life_expectancy #longevity #obesity #overpopulation #parenting #population #smoking #sudan #vaccines

Compared to Africa (2025)29
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank29
1	Mauritius	71.9
2	Tunisia	75.6
3	Morocco	88.2
	...
30	Congo, DR	129.6
31	Zimbabwe	130.1
32	Gabon	130.3
33	Sudan	130.3
34	Tanzania	130.8
35	Malawi	131.5
36	Benin	132.0
37	Sierra Leone	132.5
38	Burkina Faso	133.0
	Africa Avg	111.13
q=54.

Health (2025)29
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank29
1	Monaco	14.3
2	Liechtenstein	30.1
3	Isle of Man	32.1
	...
180	Congo, DR	129.6
181	Zimbabwe	130.1
182	Gabon	130.3
183	Sudan	130.3
184	Tanzania	130.8
185	Yemen	131.0
186	Malawi	131.5
187	Benin	132.0
	World Avg	97.60
q=213.

The countries with the best overall approach to public health, in terms of both public policy and individual lifestyle choices, are Monaco, Liechtenstein and The Isle of Man₃₀. These countries are worth emulating. And, although often through no fault of the average citizen, the worst countries are The Cook Islands, The Marshall Islands and Niue₃₀.

25 datasets are used to calculate points for each country, including multiple decades of data on its average life expectancy, its alcohol consumption rate, its fertility rate, its smoking rate, its suicide rate, its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance, the prevalence of overweight adults, obesity rate, its adolescent birth rate and its immunizations take-up. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Europe and The Balkans₃₀, whereas the worst are Micronesia, Africa and Australasia₃₀.

For more, see:

• "Countries With the Healthiest Cultures and Health Policies" by Vexen Crabtree (2020).

Health:

Sudan has some poor policies and cultural issues which cause some public health problems. Sudan comes in the best 20 in its alcohol consumption rate₃₁. It does better than average in the prevalence of overweight adults₃₂ (but bad for Africa) and in its smoking rate₃₃ (but bad for Africa). But, things could still be better. Sudan does worse than average in its immunizations take-up₃₄, its average life expectancy₁₁ (still high for Africa) and in its adolescent birth rate₃₅. And finally, it falls into the worst-performing 20 when it comes to its fertility rate₁₄. The prevalence of overweight adults has increased by 14% during the last 40 years. Life expectancy in Sudan in 1990 was 49.7yrs, lower than the global average of 64.6. It improved by +16.1yrs in the 30 years from then, over double the global average improvement of +7.9yrs. Sudan's peak fertility rate was 7.06 in 1971.

Life Expectancy Higher is better11
Pos.		2021 Years11
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
147	Myanmar (Burma)	65.7
148	Papua New Guinea	65.4
149	Marshall Islands	65.3
150	Sudan	65.3
151	Ethiopia	65.0
152	Tuvalu	64.5
153	Madagascar	64.5
154	Mauritania	64.4
	Africa Avg	62.79
	World Avg	71.28
q=195.

Alcohol Consumption Lower is better31
Pos.		2016 Per Capita31
1	Bangladesh	0.0
2	Kuwait	0.0
3	Libya	0.0
	...
14=	Egypt	0.4
15	Djibouti	0.5
16=	Niger	0.5
16=	Sudan	0.5
18	Bhutan	0.6
19=	Morocco	0.6
20	Jordan	0.7
21=	Senegal	0.7
	Africa Avg	4.8
	World Avg	6.2
q=189.

Fertility Rate 2.0 is best14
Pos.		202214
1	US Virgin Islands	2.00
2	Ecuador	2.00
3	Nepal	2.01
	...
189=	Ivory Coast	4.34
189=	Mauritania	4.34
191	Cameroon	4.38
192	Sudan	4.38
193	Uganda	4.47
194	Afghanistan	4.52
195	Mozambique	4.56
196	Gambia	4.59
	Africa Avg	3.97
	World Avg	2.47
q=208.

Smoking Rates Lower is better33
Pos.		201433
1	Guinea	15
2	Solomon Islands	26
3	Kiribati	28
	...
70	S. Sudan	398
71	Belize	400
72	Swaziland	427
73	Sudan	428
74	Costa Rica	432
75	Botswana	449
76	Syria	459
77	Djibouti	476
	Africa Avg	340
	World Avg	819
q=182.

Overweight Adults Lower is better32
Pos.		1976 %32
1	Bangladesh	4.7
2	Vietnam	5.1
3	Nepal	5.4
	...
49=	Liberia	11.2
50	Ghana	11.4
51=	Ivory Coast	11.5
51=	Sudan	11.5
53	Sao Tome & Principe	11.7
54	Congo, (Brazzaville)	11.8
55	Malaysia	11.9
56=	S. Korea	12.3
	Africa Avg	13.4
	World Avg	27.1
q=191.

Adult Obesity Lower is better36
Pos.		2022 %36
1	Vietnam	2.1%
2	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	2.2%
3	Ethiopia	2.4%
	...
58	Sao Tome & Principe	15.0%
59	Cape Verde	15.1%
60	Namibia	15.3%
61	Sudan	15.5%
62	Comoros	15.5%
63	Liberia	16.2%
64	Sweden	16.4%
65	Netherlands	16.9%
	Africa Avg	13.7%
	World Avg	24.7%
q=199.

Children's Health:

Adolescent Birth Rate Lower is better35
Pos.		2022 Per 100035
1	Hong Kong	1.6
2	Denmark	1.8
3	S. Korea	2.1
	...
161	Mauritania	76.8
162	Togo	77.0
163	Sao Tome & Principe	77.4
164	Sudan	77.6
165	Afghanistan	79.7
166	Venezuela	82.0
167	Nicaragua	84.0
168	Guinea-Bissau	85.8
	Africa Avg	84.6
	World Avg	43.8
q=195.

Infant Immunizations 2011-2015 Higher is better34
Pos.		2015 Avg %34
1=	Hungary	99.0
1=	China	99.0
3	Uzbekistan	98.9
	...
122	Senegal	89.5
123	Peru	89.3
124	Ireland	89.2
125	Sudan	89.2
126	Honduras	88.8
127	Kenya	88.5
128	Costa Rica	88.5
129	Colombia	88.4
	Africa Avg	81.7
	World Avg	88.3
q=194.

6. Sudan's Responsibility Towards The Environment

#biodiversity #climate_change #deforestation #environmentalism #food #internationalism #meat #over-exploitation #sudan #the_environment #veganism #vegetarianism

Compared to Africa (2025)37
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank37
1	Morocco	46.5
2	Burundi	47.8
3	Mali	51.0
	...
42	Sao Tome & Principe	92.7
43	Mozambique	93.9
44	Liberia	94.2
45	Sudan	97.8
46	Comoros	99.1
47	Mauritania	101.2
48	Seychelles	103.4
49	Angola	109.5
50	Libya	121.4
	Africa Avg	80.07
q=53.

Responsibility Towards The Environment (2025)37
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank37
1	Sri Lanka	34.9
2	Uruguay	43.2
3	Switzerland	45.0
	...
144=	Laos	97.0
144=	Estonia	97.0
146	Montenegro	97.3
147	Sudan	97.8
148	Comoros	99.1
149	Russia	99.2
150	Myanmar (Burma)	99.9
151	Kuwait	100.5
	World Avg	84.93
q=199.

We have known for a long term that we must protect the environment from habitation destruction, over-exploitation, pollution, and the emissions that cause climate change. In 1998, Greenpeace wrote that "Environment can no longer be meaningfully separated from health, quality of life, democracy, education, economy or trade"₃₈. What countries have been doing the right thing, via legislation and national culture? All countries' current and historical approach towards the environment is gauged via 21 datasets, including multiple decades of data on its forested percent change 2000-2020, its environmental performance, energy to GDP efficiency, its sign-up rate to major international accords on protecting the environment, the rate of rational beliefs on the environment in the population, reducing annual meat consumption per person and its score on the Green Future Index.

The countries that do the best (Sri Lanka, Uruguay and Switzerland) tend to have avoided the excesses of early industrial countries, and have not yet repeated the same mistakes of environmental destruction - at least, not on the same scale. The regions with the best average results per country are Central America, South America and Scandinavia. The worst are Eritrea, The Vatican City and Timor-Leste (E. Timor), and the worst regions Micronesia, Australasia and Melanesia.

For more, see:

• " Countries With the Best Environmental Records" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

Sudan comes 147th in the world when it comes to its responsibility towards the environment. This rank is calculated from 21 data sets. Sudan does better than average for reducing annual meat consumption per person₃₉ and in the rate of rational beliefs on the environment in the population₄₀. And finally, it does worse than average in its sign-up rate to major international accords on protecting the environment, its environmental performance₄₁ (still good for Africa) and in its forested percent change 2000-2020₄₂.

Environmental Performance Higher is better41
Pos.		201841
1	Switzerland	87.4
2	France	84.0
3	Denmark	81.6
	...
112	Moldova	52.0
113	Botswana	51.7
114	Honduras	51.5
115	Sudan	51.5
116	Oman	51.3
117	Zambia	51.0
118	Grenada	50.9
119	Tanzania	50.8
	Africa Avg	46.4
	World Avg	56.4
q=180.

International Accords on the Environment Higher is better
Pos.		Total Avg Rate
1	Sweden	83%
2	Canada	82%
3	Norway	81%
	...
108	St Lucia	56%
109	Slovenia	56%
110	S. Korea	56%
111	Sudan	56%
112	Cuba	55%
113	Israel	55%
114	Vietnam	55%
115	Malta	55%
	Africa Avg	56.4%
	World Avg	57.5%
q=197.

Rational Beliefs on the Environment Higher is better40
Pos.		2011 %40
1	Argentina	78.3%
2	Greece	77.6%
3	Brazil	77.1%
	...
44	Honduras	48.1%
45	Iran	47.9%
46	Turkey	47.4%
47	Sudan	46.9%
48	Malaysia	46.6%
49	Mozambique	46.5%
50	Laos	45.3%
51	Slovenia	45.1%
	Africa Avg	38.3%
	World Avg	39.9%
q=145.

Meat Consumption Lower is better39
Pos.		2021 kg39
1	Congo, DR	03.0
2	Burundi	03.5
3	Bangladesh	04.3
	...
37	Indonesia	18.6
38	Pakistan	18.6
39	Senegal	19.3
40	Sudan	19.9
41=	Myanmar (Burma)	20.0
41=	Angola	20.0
43	S. Sudan	20.2
44	Liberia	20.3
	Africa Avg	24.9
	World Avg	52.5
q=185.

7. Sudan's Modernity and Learning

#education #it_security #modernity #research #science #sudan #technology #the_internet

Compared to Africa (2020)43
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank43
1	S. Africa	56.9
2	Tunisia	70.8
3=	Mauritius	79.6
	...
32	Burkina Faso	136.5
33	Liberia	136.6
34	Benin	138.3
35	Sudan	139.0
36	Mali	139.1
37	Tanzania	140.1
38	Congo, DR	141.3
39	Mozambique	142.4
40	Madagascar	146.6
	Africa Avg	120.19
q=53.

Modernity & Learning (2020)43
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank43
1	Finland	7.1
2	Belgium	12.9
3	Denmark	13.6
	...
163	Myanmar (Burma)	137.3
164	Tuvalu	138.2
165	Benin	138.3
166	Sudan	139.0
167	Mali	139.1
168	Cambodia	140.0
169	Tanzania	140.1
170	Yemen	141.2
	World Avg	86.31
q=190.

The most modern countries, with the best results from education, the highest levels of research, and with the easiest access to information on the Internet, are Finland, Belgium and Denmark₄₄. The worst countries are Eritrea, S. Sudan and Sierra Leone₄₄. Despite improves in global education, access to tertiary (adult) education is becoming increasingly unequal between the rich haves and the poor have-nots₄₅.

“Education, at all levels and ages, is the single most vital support for equality as well as being a country's most vital economic and social resource. [...] Every successful aspirant to modernisation and economic development, from Japan to South Korea, China to Chile, has got there with a big emphasis on education.”

Bill Emmott (2017)₄₆

15 datasets are used to calculate points for each country, including multiple decades of data on Research and Development, Secondary Education, Length of Schooling, Intellectual Endeavours, Maths, Science & Reading, Religiosity, IQ, the percent of citizens with access to the internet, Freedom On The Internet, IT Security, IPv6 Uptake and digital quality of life. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Baltic States and Europe₄₄, whereas the worst are Melanesia, Africa and Micronesia₄₄.

For more, see:

• "Which Countries are Most Modern, With the Best Education and Internet Access?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

Modernity and Education:

Research & Development Higher is better
Pos.		2016 % RDP PPP
1	S. Korea	4.2947
2	Israel	4.1147
3	Japan	3.5847
	...
82	Zambia	0.2848
83	Botswana	0.2549
84	Armenia	0.2450
85=	Sudan	0.2351
85=	Uruguay	0.2349
85=	Mongolia	0.2350
85=	Bermuda	0.2350
89	Togo	0.2249
	Africa Avg	0.36
	World Avg	0.84
q=126.

Secondary Education Higher is better52
Pos.		201852
1=	Luxembourg	100.0%
1=	Estonia	100.0%
1=	Austria	100.0%
	...
155	Mozambique	19.3%
156	Mauritania	18.8%
157	Senegal	17.6%
158	Sudan	17.5%
159	Ethiopia	17.1%
160	Rwanda	16.3%
161	Tanzania	14.3%
162	Mali	13.1%
	Africa Avg	34.4%
	World Avg	63.0%
q=169.

Length of Schooling Higher is better53
Pos.		2021 Years53
1	Australia	21.1
2	New Zealand	20.3
3	Greece	20.0
	...
186	Eritrea	8.1
187	Central African Rep.	8.0
188	Chad	8.0
189	Sudan	7.9
190	Djibouti	7.4
191	Mali	7.4
192	Niger	7.0
193	S. Sudan	5.5
	Africa Avg	11.0
	World Avg	13.5
q=193.

Technology and Information:

The Sudanese government persecuted and harasses its critics in every way it can.

“The Sudanese government set up a Facebook group calling for a protest against the Sudanese government, naming a time and place, and simply arrested all those who attended.”

"Media Studies: The Basics" by Julian McDougall (2012)₅₄

Internet Users Higher is better55
Pos.		201655
1	Iceland	100%
2	Faroe Islands	99%
3	Norway	98%
	...
136	Ghana	28%
137	Swaziland	28%
138	Guatemala	27%
139	Sudan	26%
140	Sao Tome & Principe	26%
141	Yemen	25%
142	Senegal	23%
143	Angola	23%
	Africa Avg	18.4%
	World Avg	48.1%
q=201.

IT Security Lower is better56
Pos.		201356
1=	Ireland	0.11
1=	Luxembourg	0.11
1=	Belize	0.11
	...
74	Sri Lanka	1.67
75	Oman	1.72
76	Iraq	1.84
77	Bangladesh	1.87
78	Sudan	1.98
79	India	2.10
80	Russia	2.42
81	USA	3.68
	Africa Avg	1.07
	World Avg	0.98

IPv6 Uptake Higher is better57
Pos.		2017 Ratio57
1	Belgium	55.4
2	Germany	41.8
3	Switzerland	35.1
	...
67	Indonesia	0.2
68	S. Africa	0.1
69	Jersey	0.1
70=	Sudan	0.1
70=	Ukraine	0.1
72	Lithuania	0.1
73	Vanuatu	0.1
74=	Iran	0.1
	Africa Avg	0.04
	World Avg	3.82
q=176.

8. Sudan's Culture, Peace and Inequality

#capitalism #charitability #corruption #culture #economics #equality #extremism #health #human_development #inequality #life_expectancy #peace #politics #poverty #religious_violence #social_development #sudan #terrorism

Compared to Africa (2020)58
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank58
1	Mauritius	48.3
2	Sao Tome & Principe	67.7
3	Tunisia	74.9
	...
42	Libya	115.8
43	Guinea-Bissau	119.3
44	Angola	122.2
45	Sudan	122.7
46	Equatorial Guinea	123.0
47	Burundi	123.1
48	Comoros	130.7
49	Chad	132.1
50	Congo, DR	133.7
	Africa Avg	101.84
q=53.

Culture, Peace & Inequality (2020)58
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank58
1	Denmark	11.2
2	Norway	13.9
3	Netherlands	14.4
	...
166	Guinea-Bissau	119.3
167	Haiti	120.8
168	Angola	122.2
169	Sudan	122.7
170	Equatorial Guinea	123.0
171	Burundi	123.1
172	Syria	124.9
173	Yemen	130.3
	World Avg	78.12
q=180.

This is the final pillar of the Social and Moral Development Index; it has 22 datasets, including multiple decades of data on World Giving Index, resisting corruption, overall happiness, Creativity and Culture, Open Trading, Aid and Development, its Global Peace Index rating, Peacekeeping and Security, Refugees and UN Treaties, the impact of terrorism, Inequality in Life Expectancy, Income Inequality (Gini Coefficient) and Multidimensional Poverty.

For more, see:

• "Which are the Countries for International Contributions, Creativity, Peace and Inequality?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

National Culture:

Corruption Higher is better59
Pos.		2022 Points59
1	Denmark	90.0
2=	Finland	87.0
2=	New Zealand	87.0
	...
159	Azerbaijan	23.0
160=	Honduras	23.0
160=	Iraq	23.0
162	Sudan	22.0
163=	Eritrea	22.0
164	Congo, (Brazzaville)	21.0
165=	Guinea-Bissau	21.0
166	Congo, DR	20.0
	Africa Avg	32.31
	World Avg	42.98
q=180.

In 2009, Sudan became the 5th-worst country in terms of perception of corruption, and on average through the 2010s, it maintained that same rank on average; it's worst year was 2014 where it was 3rd-worst.

Peace Versus Instability:

Global Peace Index Lower is better60
Pos.		2023 Score60
1	Iceland	1.12
2	Denmark	1.31
3	Ireland	1.31
	...
152	Central African Rep.	2.93
153	Mali	2.96
154	Iraq	3.01
155	Sudan	3.02
156	Somalia	3.04
157	Ukraine	3.04
158	Russia	3.14
159	Congo, DR	3.21
	Africa Avg	2.29
	World Avg	2.07
q=163.

Impact of Terrorism Lower is better61
Pos.		2019 Score61
1	Togo	0.00
2	Mongolia	0.00
3	Swaziland	0.00
	...
128	Niger	5.60
129	USA	5.69
130	Kenya	5.76
131	Sudan	5.81
132	Colombia	5.91
133	Thailand	6.03
134	S. Sudan	6.32
135	Turkey	6.53
	Africa Avg	3.41
	World Avg	2.78
q=150.

Economic Inequality and Poverty:

Inequality in Life Expectancy Lower is better62
Pos.		201962
1	Iceland	2.40
2=	Singapore	2.50
2=	Hong Kong	2.50
	...
153	Tanzania	25.30
154	Zambia	26.50
155	Uganda	27.20
156	Sudan	27.40
157	Afghanistan	28.30
158=	Gambia	28.50
158=	Burundi	28.50
160	Comoros	28.90
	Africa Avg	26.10
	World Avg	14.59
q=184.

Income Inequality (Gini Coefficient) Lower is better63
Pos.		2023 %63
1	Slovakia	24.1%64
2	Slovenia	24.3%64
3	Belarus	24.4%65
	...
71=	Spain	33.9%64
71=	Romania	33.9%64
73	Tajikistan	34.0%66
74	Sudan	34.2%67
75=	Australia	34.3%68
75=	Montenegro	34.3%64
75=	Latvia	34.3%64
78	Benin	34.4%64
	Africa Avg	40.7%
	World Avg	36.5%
q=167.

Income inequality data is rarely available for Sudan - only for 2 years between 1980 and 2019.

Multidimensional Poverty Lower is better69
Pos.		2018 Severity69
1	Armenia	.001
2	Ukraine	.001
3	Serbia	.001
	...
78	Uganda	.269
79	Afghanistan	.272
80	Tanzania	.273
81	Sudan	.279
82	Angola	.282
83	Gambia	.286
84	Senegal	.288
85	Nigeria	.291
	Africa Avg	.264
	World Avg	.154
q=101.

9. Religion and Beliefs

#buddhism #christianity #hinduism #islam #judaism #religion_in_sudan #south_sudan #sudan

Data from the Pew Forum, a professional polling outfit, states that in 2010 the religious makeup of this country was as follows in the table below₇₀:

Christian	5.4%
Muslim	90.7%
Hindu	0.1%
Buddhist	0.1%
Folk Religion	2.8%
Jewish	0.1%
Unaffiliated	1%

The CIA World Factbook has slightly different data, and states simply: Sunni Muslim, small Christian minority₇₁.

Freedom of Religion and Belief: There is no freedom of religion_26,27, and religious persecution, based on Islam, occurs at the worst possible rate₂₇; converting from Islam attracts the death penalty₇₂ and blasphemy and "defamation of Islam" are serious crimes₇₂. Marriage and other laws strongly favour Muslims at the expense of others₇₂. No new Christian churches are permitted and officials and security forces are demolishing existing ones₂₆. The imposition of Shari'ah law on Christian communities fed horrific civil war₂₈, eventually leading to the independence of South Sudan.

Links:

• A List of All Religions and Belief Systems
• Human Rights and Freedom in Sudan: 4.2. Freedom of Thought