Indonesia (Republic of Indonesia)

Indonesia Republic of Indonesia
Status	Independent State
Social and Moral Index	120th best
Capital	Jakarta
Land Area	1 811 570km21
Location	Asia
Population	267.7m2
Life Expectancy	67.57yrs (2017)3
GNI	$11 466 (2017)4
ISO3166-1 Codes	ID, IDN, 3605
Internet Domain	.id6
Currency	Rupiah (IDR)7
Telephone	+628

1. Overview
2. Indonesia National and Social Development
3. Indonesia's Demographics and Migration
4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance
5. Indonesia's Health
6. Indonesia's Modernity and Learning
7. National Culture
8. Peace Versus Instability
9. The Natural Environment
10. Economic Inequality and Poverty
11. Religion and Beliefs
12. Links

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1. Overview

#australia #germany #indonesia #islam #japan #malaysia #netherlands #papua_new_guinea #UK

“The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; Japan occupied the islands from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence shortly before Japan's surrender, but it required four years of sometimes brutal fighting, intermittent negotiations, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty in 1949. A period of sometimes unruly parliamentary democracy ended in 1957 when President SOEKARNO declared martial law and instituted "Guided Democracy." After an abortive coup in 1965 by alleged Communist sympathizers, SOEKARNO was removed from power. From 1966 until 1988, President SUHARTO ruled Indonesia with his "New Order" Government. After rioting toppled Suharto in 1998, free and fair legislative elections took place in 1999. Indonesia is now the world's third most populous democracy, the world's largest archipelagic state, and the world's largest Muslim-majority nation. Current issues include: alleviating poverty, improving education, preventing terrorism, consolidating democracy after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing economic and financial reforms, stemming corruption, reforming the criminal justice system, holding the military and police accountable for human rights violations, addressing climate change, and controlling infectious diseases, particularly those of global and regional importance. In 2005, Indonesia reached a historic peace agreement with armed separatists in Aceh, which led to democratic elections in Aceh in December 2006.”

CIA's The World Factbook (2013)₉

Indonesia owns half of the large island, New Guinea.

The island of New Guinea is divided almost equally into two halves. The Eatern half is called Papua New Guinea, which has been an independent state since 1975, before which it was owned by Australia, Germany and the UK. The Western half is part of Indonesia. Humans have lived on the island of New Guinea for 40,000 years, whereupon they started cultivating and exploiting plants like yams and taro₁₀. "Indonesia continues to face low intensity armed resistance in Papua by the separatist Free Papua Movement"₉.

“From the western tip of Sumatra to the eastern edge of Papua, Indonesia offers endless exploration and infinite diversity. This unique land may well be the last great adventure on Earth. Indonesia defines adventure: the only limitation is how many of its 17,000 islands you can reach before your visa expires. Following the equator, Indonesia stretches between Malaysia and Australia in one long intoxicating sweep. The nation´s natural diversity is staggering, alluring and inspiring, from the snow-capped peaks in Papua, sandalwood forests in Sumba, dense jungle in Borneo and impossibly green rice paddies in Bali and Java. Indonesian reefs are a diver´s fantasy while the surf breaks above are the best anywhere.

But even as the diversity on land and sea run like a traveller´s fantasy playlist, it´s the mash-up of people and cultures that´s the most appealing. Bali justifiably leads off, but there are also Papua´s stone-age folk, the many cultures of Flores, the artisans of Java, mall-rats of Jakarta and much more. Whether it´s a dreamy remote beach, an orang-utan encounter or a Bali all-nighter, Indonesia scores.”

"The World" by Lonely Planet (2014)₁₁

2. Indonesia National and Social Development

#economics #human_development #wealth

UN HDI (2021)12
Pos.		Higher is better Value12
1	Switzerland	0.962
2	Norway	0.961
3	Iceland	0.959
	...
111	Samoa	0.707
112	Lebanon	0.706
113	Gabon	0.706
114	Indonesia	0.705
115	Vietnam	0.703
116	Philippines	0.699
117	Botswana	0.693
118	Bolivia	0.692
	Asia Avg	0.75
	World Avg	0.72
q=191.

Gross National Income Per-Capita (2021)12
Pos.		Higher is better PPP $12
1	Liechtenstein	$146 830
2	Singapore	$90 919
3	Qatar	$87 134
	...
101	St Vincent & Grenadines	$11 961
102	Egypt	$11 732
103	Dominica	$11 488
104	Indonesia	$11 466
105	Algeria	$10 800
106	Mongolia	$10 588
107	Ecuador	$10 312
108	Tunisia	$10 258
	Asia Avg	$22 215
	World Avg	$20 136
q=193.

Social & Moral Development Index13
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank13
1	Norway	25.2
2	Denmark	26.1
3	Taiwan	26.6
	...
117	Dominica	78.0
118	St Lucia	79.2
119	Egypt	79.3
120	Indonesia	79.3
121	Guyana	80.4
122	Venezuela	80.5
123	Burkina Faso	80.6
124	Cape Verde	80.8
	Asia Avg	72.4
	World Avg	70.6
q=195.

The United Nations produces an annual Human Development Report which includes the Human Development Index. The factors taken into account include life expectancy, education and schooling and Gross National Income (GNI) amongst many others..

The Social and Moral Development Index concentrates on moral issues and human rights, violence, public health, equality, tolerance, freedom and effectiveness in climate change mitigation and environmentalism, and on some technological issues. A country scores higher for achieving well in those areas, and for sustaining that achievement in the long term. Those countries towards the top of this index can truly said to be setting good examples and leading humankind onwards into a bright, humane, and free future. See: Which are the Best Countries in the World? The Social and Moral Development Index.

3. Indonesia's Demographics and Migration

#birth_control #demographics #health #immigration #life_expectancy #longevity #migration #overpopulation #population

Population:

Indonesia's population is predicted to rise to 279.66 million by 2030. These millions of extra people will all need space to live, food to eat, energy to consume, and will increase the burden on the planet's resources. This country has a fertility rate of 2.07. The fertility rate is, in simple terms, the average amount of children that each woman has. The higher the figure, the quicker the population is growing, although, to calculate the rate you also need to take into account morbidity, i.e., the rate at which people die. If people live healthy and long lives and morbidity is low, then, 2.0 approximates to the replacement rate, which would keep the population stable. If all countries had such a fertility rate, population growth would end. The actual replacement rate in most developed countries is around 2.1.

Population2
Pos.		2018 Population2
1	China	1.4b
2	India	1.4b
3	USA	327.1m
4	Indonesia	267.7m
5	Pakistan	212.2m
6	Brazil	209.5m
7	Nigeria	195.9m
8	Bangladesh	161.4m
9	Russia	145.7m
10	Japan	127.2m
11	Mexico	126.2m
12	Ethiopia	109.2m
	World Avg	39.0m
q=195.

Life Expectancy Higher is better12
Pos.		2021 Years12
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
132	Laos	68.1
133	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	67.7
134	Sao Tome & Principe	67.6
135	Indonesia	67.6
136	Kiribati	67.4
137	India	67.2
138	Fiji	67.1
139	Senegal	67.1
	World Avg	71.28
q=195.

Fertility Rate 2.0 is best14
Pos.		201314
1	N. Korea	2.00
2	Brunei	1.99
3	St Vincent & Grenadines	2.01
	...
7	Uruguay	2.05
8	Norway	1.95
9	Myanmar (Burma)	1.95
10	Indonesia	2.07
11	Sweden	1.93
12	Tunisia	1.93
13	St Lucia	1.93
14	USA	2.08
	World Avg	2.81
q=180.

Old-Age Dependency Ratio Lower is better15
Pos.		2016 Per 10015
1	Uganda	04.3
2	Mali	04.5
3	Chad	04.7
	...
83	Uzbekistan	11.9
84	Tonga	11.9
85	Kyrgyzstan	12.1
86	Indonesia	12.4
87	Myanmar (Burma)	12.5
88	India	12.5
89	Bolivia	12.7
90	Nicaragua	13.1
	World Avg	18.3
q=185.

• The Population of the Earth
• Abortion, Birth Control and Contraception

Migration:

Immigrants16
Pos.		2017 %16
1	UAE	88.4%
2	Kuwait	75.5%
3	Qatar	65.2%
	...
188	N. Korea	0.2%
189	Sri Lanka	0.2%
190	Myanmar (Burma)	0.1%
191	Madagascar	0.1%
192	Indonesia	0.1%
193	Cuba	0.1%
194	Vietnam	0.1%
195	China	0.1%
	World Avg	9.4%
q=195.

Emigrants17
Pos.		2010 %17
1	Dominica	104.8%
2	Palestine	68.4%
3	Samoa	67.3%
	...
171	UAE	1.2%
172	Mongolia	1.2%
173	Kenya	1.1%
174	Indonesia	1.1%
175	Myanmar (Burma)	1.0%
176	Solomon Islands	1.0%
177	India	0.9%
178	Papua New Guinea	0.9%
	World Avg	11.5%
q=192.

4. Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance

#equality #freedom #gender_equality #human_rights #Indonesia #morals #politics #prejudice #tolerance

Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance (2020)18
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank18
1	Sweden	9.2
2	Norway	14.7
3	Denmark	14.7
	...
135	Laos	108.3
136	Zambia	108.8
137	Maldives	110.7
138	Indonesia	111.2
139	Algeria	111.2
140	Uzbekistan	111.3
	Asia Avg	99.8
	World Avg	87.7
q=199.

Indonesia is amongst the worst places in the world at ensuring human rights and freedom, and it has severe cultural issues when it comes to tolerance and equality. Indonesia does better than average in supporting personal, civil & economic freedoms₁₉. In 2017 it made some limited steps to protect the rights of some of its most vulnerable people and released some political prisoners₂₀. But unfortunately Indonesia gets most other things wrong. It does worse than average in its success in fighting anti-semitic prejudice₂₁, commentary in Human Rights Watch reports₂₂, opposing gender inequality₂₃, LGBT equality₂₄, supporting press freedom₂₅, speed of uptake of HR treaties₂₆ and in freethought₂₇. And finally, it falls into the worst 20 for the rate of gender bias (from 7 indicators)₂₈ (one of the worst in Asia) and in its nominal commitment to Human Rights₂₉. The United Nations made 58 recommendations on improvements that Indonesia could make, but they were rejected wholesale₂₀. Indonesia does not accept the concept of freedom of religion. The state only permits six religions: Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Catholicism, Protestantism, and Confucianism - there is no legal way to be non-religious₃₀. The country's blasphemy law makes it illegal to promote other faiths. In 2017, President Jokowi decreed the amendment of a law, enabling the government to fast-track the banning of groups it doesn't like₂₀.

For tables, charts and commentary, see:

• Human Rights and Freedom in Indonesia

5. Indonesia's Health

#alcohol #birth_control #demographics #health #Indonesia #life_expectancy #longevity #obesity #overpopulation #parenting #population #smoking #vaccines

Compared to Asia (2020)31
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank31
1	Hong Kong	18.3
2	Maldives	41.0
3	Singapore	42.6
	...
37	Lebanon	95.4
38	Russia	95.5
39	Georgia	95.6
40	Indonesia	95.8
41	Kazakhstan	98.1
42	Azerbaijan	100.0
43	Syria	101.3
44	Afghanistan	103.8
45	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	105.6
	Asia Avg	80.1
q=50.

Health (2020)31
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank31
1	Monaco	13.0
2	Hong Kong	18.3
3	Maldives	41.0
	...
103	Russia	95.5
104	Georgia	95.6
105	Djibouti	95.7
106	Indonesia	95.8
107	Peru	96.5
108	St Vincent & Grenadines	96.8
109	Vanuatu	97.1
110	Cape Verde	97.3
	World Avg	93.5
q=196.

The countries with the best overall approach to public health, in terms of both public policy and individual lifestyle choices, are Monaco, Hong Kong and The Maldives₃₂. These countries are worth emulating. And, although often through no fault of the average citizen, the worst countries are The Marshall Islands, S. Sudan and Palau₃₂.

The data sets used to calculate points for each country are its average life expectancy, its alcohol consumption rate, its fertility rate, its smoking rate, its suicide rate, its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance, the prevalence of overweight adults, its adolescent birth rate and its immunizations take-up. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Asia and The Mediterranean₃₂, whereas the worst are Micronesia, Australasia and Africa₃₂.

For more, see:

• "Countries With the Healthiest Cultures and Health Policies" by Vexen Crabtree (2020).

Health:

Indonesia has some poor policies and cultural issues which cause some public health problems. Indonesia does better than average in its alcohol consumption rate₃₃ and in its fertility rate₁₄. However Indonesia performs less well in most areas. It does worse than average when it comes to its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance₃₄, its adolescent birth rate₂₃, its average life expectancy₁₂, its smoking rate₃₅ and in its immunizations take-up₃₆. The number of overweight adults has increased by 14% over the past 40 years. Life expectancy in Indonesia improved by +7.3yrs in the 30 years from 1990, on par with the global average improvement of +7.9yrs.

Life Expectancy Higher is better12
Pos.		2021 Years12
1	Monaco	85.9
2	Hong Kong	85.5
3	Japan	84.8
	...
132	Laos	68.1
133	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	67.7
134	Sao Tome & Principe	67.6
135	Indonesia	67.6
136	Kiribati	67.4
137	India	67.2
138	Fiji	67.1
139	Senegal	67.1
	Asia Avg	73.48
	World Avg	71.28
q=195.

Alcohol Consumption Lower is better33
Pos.		2016 Per Capita33
1	Bangladesh	0.0
2	Kuwait	0.0
3	Libya	0.0
	...
20	Jordan	0.7
21	Senegal	0.7
22	Oman	0.8
23	Indonesia	0.8
24	Azerbaijan	0.8
25	Algeria	0.9
26	Malaysia	0.9
27	Comoros	0.9
	Asia Avg	3.9
	World Avg	6.2
q=189.

Fertility Rate 2.0 is best14
Pos.		201314
1	N. Korea	2.00
2	Brunei	1.99
3	St Vincent & Grenadines	2.01
	...
7	Uruguay	2.05
8	Norway	1.95
9	Myanmar (Burma)	1.95
10	Indonesia	2.07
11	Sweden	1.93
12	Tunisia	1.93
13	St Lucia	1.93
14	USA	2.08
	Asia Avg	2.46
	World Avg	2.81
q=180.

Smoking Rates Lower is better35
Pos.		201435
1	Guinea	15
2	Solomon Islands	26
3	Kiribati	28
	...
136	Spain	1 265
137	Malta	1 266
138	Philippines	1 291
139	Indonesia	1 322
140	Libya	1 33337
141	Israel	1 346
142	Argentina	1 359
143	Denmark	1 378
	Asia Avg	1 035
	World Avg	819
q=182.

Food Aid, Health Contributions & WHO Compliance Lower is better34
Pos.		2017 Rank34
1	Sweden	1
2	Ireland	2
3	Denmark	3
	...
81	Dominican Rep.	81
82	Zambia	82
83	Croatia	83
84	Indonesia	84
85	Bolivia	85
86	Kyrgyzstan	86
87	Moldova	87
88	Syria	88
	Asia Avg	64.4
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Overweight Adults Lower is better38
Pos.		2016 %38
1	Vietnam	18.3
2	India	19.7
3	Bangladesh	20.0
	...
34	Zambia	27.8
35	Togo	28.1
36	Mali	28.1
37	Indonesia	28.2
38	Somalia	28.4
39	Senegal	28.4
40	Pakistan	28.4
41	Sudan	28.9
	Asia Avg	44.3
	World Avg	49.0
q=191.

Children's Health:

Adolescent Birth Rate Lower is better23
Pos.		2015 Per 100023
1	N. Korea	0.5
2	S. Korea	1.6
3	Switzerland	2.9
	...
106	Chile	47.8
107	Solomon Islands	48.4
108	Peru	49.1
109	Indonesia	49.6
110	Colombia	50.2
111	St Vincent & Grenadines	51.0
112	Cambodia	51.6
113	Egypt	51.9
	Asia Avg	29.9
	World Avg	47.9
q=185.

Infant Immunizations 2011-2015 Higher is better36
Pos.		2015 Avg %36
1	Hungary	99.0
2	China	99.0
3	Uzbekistan	98.9
	...
166	Ivory Coast	76.9
167	Congo, DR	76.5
168	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	76.5
169	Indonesia	76.4
170	Mali	76.0
171	India	75.1
172	Ethiopia	73.9
173	Pakistan	73.0
	Asia Avg	90.5
	World Avg	88.3
q=194.

6. Indonesia's Modernity and Learning

#education #english #intelligence #it_security #maths #modernity #politics #religion #religiosity #research #science #secularisation #technology #the_internet

Compared to Asia (2020)39
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank39
1	Taiwan	10.0
2	Japan	21.9
3	S. Korea	24.0
	...
34	Mongolia	90.0
35	Brunei	91.6
36	Palestine	92.0
37	Indonesia	92.3
38	Pakistan	97.9
39	Maldives	99.8
40	Turkmenistan	105.3
41	Nepal	110.8
42	Bhutan	112.3
	Asia Avg	79.0
q=51.

Modernity & Learning (2020)39
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank39
1	Finland	8.4
2	Taiwan	10.0
3	Switzerland	15.1
	...
121	St Vincent & Grenadines	90.3
122	Brunei	91.6
123	Palestine	92.0
124	Indonesia	92.3
125	Nigeria	94.1
126	French Polynesia	95.0
127	Uganda	95.3
128	Ghana	96.7
	World Avg	83.2
q=205.

Modernity and Education:

Research & Development Higher is better
Pos.		2016 % RDP PPP
1	S. Korea	4.2940
2	Israel	4.1140
3	Japan	3.5840
	...
110	Peru	0.1041
111	Paraguay	0.0942
112	Congo, DR	0.0843
113	Indonesia	0.0844
114	Saudi Arabia	0.0745
115	Algeria	0.0741
116	Cape Verde	0.0746
117	Trinidad & Tobago	0.0542
	Asia Avg	0.75
	World Avg	0.84
q=126.

Secondary Education Higher is better47
Pos.		201847
1	Luxembourg	100.0%
2	Estonia	100.0%
3	Austria	100.0%
	...
110	Kuwait	51.5%
111	Congo, DR	50.7%
112	Macedonia	49.8%
113	Indonesia	48.8%
114	Congo, (Brazzaville)	48.8%
115	Iraq	48.0%
116	Paraguay	47.8%
117	Nicaragua	47.5%
	Asia Avg	66.0%
	World Avg	63.0%
q=169.

Length of Schooling Higher is better48
Pos.		2021 Years48
1	Australia	21.1
2	New Zealand	20.3
3	Greece	20.0
	...
88	Bulgaria	13.9
89	Bosnia & Herzegovina	13.8
90	Egypt	13.8
91	Indonesia	13.7
92	Swaziland	13.7
93	S. Africa	13.6
94	Macedonia	13.6
95	Azerbaijan	13.5
	Asia Avg	13.5
	World Avg	13.5
q=193.

Intellectual Endeavours Lower is better34
Pos.		2017 Rank34
1	Ukraine	1
2	Czechia	2
3	Hungary	3
	...
156	Tanzania	156
157	Equatorial Guinea	157
158	Guyana	158
159	Afghanistan	159
160	Indonesia	160
161	Bolivia	161
162	Iraq	162
163	Angola	163
	Asia Avg	97.1
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Maths, Science & Reading Higher is better49
Pos.		2015 Score49
1	Singapore	1655
2	Hong Kong	1598
3	Japan	1586
	...
59	Qatar	1222
60	Georgia	1216
61	Jordan	1197
62	Indonesia	1186
63	Brazil	1185
64	Peru	1182
65	Lebanon	1129
66	Tunisia	1114
	Asia Avg	1398
	World Avg	1389
q=70.

Religiosity Lower is better50
Pos.		2018 %50
1	China	3
2	Estonia	6
3	Czechia	7
	...
99	Afghanistan	92
100	Burkina Faso	93
101	Tanzania	93
102	Indonesia	93
103	Mali	94
104	Pakistan	94
105	Ethiopia	98
106	Senegal	98
	Asia Avg	55.8
	World Avg	54.3
q=106.

IQ Higher is better51
Pos.		200651
1	Hong Kong	108
2	Singapore	108
3	S. Korea	106
	...
64	Bolivia	87
65	Iraq	87
66	Azerbaijan	87
67	Indonesia	87
68	Turkmenistan	87
69	Uzbekistan	87
70	Kuwait	86
71	Philippines	86
	Asia Avg	90.4
	World Avg	85.6
q=138.

Technology and Information:

The IHEU's Freedom of Thought publication notes that in countries like Pakistan and Indonesia, where "organized atheism is impossible if not directly illegal", atheists frequently organize themselves online. This is because in these heavily Muslim countries, any deviance from Islam is grimly punishable. It is their only possible avenue of expression. But those "who have been caught criticizing religion online have been arrested and harrassed on seemingly spurious thought-crime type offences"₅₂. The Internet is itself a tool of human rights, even in the dark corners of the world where the vested interests of powerful religionists seek to restrict basic freedoms.

Internet Users Higher is better53
Pos.		201653
1	Iceland	100%
2	Faroe Islands	99%
3	Norway	98%
	...
148	Zimbabwe	21%
149	Equatorial Guinea	21%
150	Lesotho	21%
151	Indonesia	20%
152	Marshall Islands	20%
153	Algeria	20%
154	Nicaragua	19%
155	Uganda	19%
	Asia Avg	48.7%
	World Avg	48.1%
q=201.

Freedom On The Internet Lower is better54
Pos.		201254
1	Estonia	10
2	USA	12
3	Germany	15
	...
18	Kyrgyzstan	35
19	Mexico	37
20	India	39
21	Indonesia	42
22	Libya	43
23	Malaysia	43
24	Jordan	45
25	Turkey	46
	Asia Avg	56.6
	World Avg	46.7
q=47.

IT Security Lower is better55
Pos.		201355
1	Ireland	0.11
2	Luxembourg	0.11
3	Belize	0.11
	...
43	Canada	0.96
44	Tajikistan	1.01
45	Brazil	1.02
46	Indonesia	1.05
47	British Virgin Islands	1.08
48	Mali	1.12
49	France	1.13
50	Italy	1.15
	Asia Avg	1.08
	World Avg	0.98

IPv6 Uptake Higher is better56
Pos.		2017 Ratio56
1	Belgium	55.4
2	Germany	41.8
3	Switzerland	35.1
	...
64	UAE	0.3
65	Seychelles	0.2
66	Puerto Rico	0.2
67	Indonesia	0.2
68	S. Africa	0.1
69	Jersey	0.1
70	Sudan	0.1
71	Ukraine	0.1
	Asia Avg	2.11
	World Avg	3.82
q=176.

7. National Culture

#charity #corruption #happiness #morals #politics

World Giving Index Higher is better57
Pos.		2022 %57
1	Indonesia	68.0
2	Kenya	61.0
3	USA	59.0
4	Australia	55.0
5	New Zealand	54.0
6	Myanmar (Burma)	52.0
7	Sierra Leone	51.0
8	Canada	51.0
9	Zambia	50.0
10	Ukraine	49.0
11	Ireland	49.0
12	Czechia	48.0
	Asia Avg	37.9
	World Avg	39.6
q=125.

Corruption Higher is better58
Pos.		2022 Points58
1	Denmark	90.0
2	Finland	87.0
3	New Zealand	87.0
	...
110	Gambia	34.0
111	Sierra Leone	34.0
112	Malawi	34.0
113	Indonesia	34.0
114	Bosnia & Herzegovina	34.0
115	Nepal	34.0
116	Ukraine	33.0
117	Mongolia	33.0
	Asia Avg	39.98
	World Avg	42.98
q=180.

Happiness Higher is better59
Pos.		2018 Score59
1	Finland	7.6
2	Norway	7.6
3	Denmark	7.6
	...
93	Bosnia & Herzegovina	5.1
94	Mongolia	5.1
95	Vietnam	5.1
96	Indonesia	5.1
97	Bhutan	5.1
98	Somalia	5.0
99	Cameroon	5.0
100	Bulgaria	4.9
	Asia Avg	5.29
	World Avg	5.38
q=156.

Creativity & Culture Lower is better34
Pos.		2017 Rank34
1	Belgium	1
2	Netherlands	2
3	Estonia	3
	...
85	Morocco	85
86	Jamaica	86
87	Senegal	87
88	Indonesia	88
89	Cambodia	89
90	Peru	90
91	Jordan	91
92	Haiti	92
	Asia Avg	99.0
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Open Trading, Aid & Development Lower is better34
Pos.		2017 Rank34
1	Ireland	1
2	Denmark	2
3	Sweden	3
	...
130	Kenya	130
131	Kazakhstan	131
132	Bangladesh	132
133	Indonesia	133
134	Egypt	134
135	Uruguay	135
136	Namibia	136
137	Yemen	137
	Asia Avg	86.3
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

The region of south-east Asia hosts some of the kindest people in the world. Myanmar and Thailand often top the World Giving Index₆₀, which the Charities Aid Foundation attributes to the teachings and values of Theravada Buddhism₆₀. Likewise, in Indonesia, giving is strongly encouraged by the Islamic doctrine of zakat, causing that country to give to charity at three times the global average rate.

“Indonesia is ranked first in the CAF World Giving Index with a score of 69, up from 59 the last time a yearly Index was published in 2018, when it also ranked first in the Index. More than eight in 10 Indonesians donated money this year and the country´s rate of volunteering is more than three times the global average. [...]

Zakat is a traditional form of Islamic charity practised widely in Indonesia, the proceeds of which are redistributed to the needy. Reports suggest that Zakat payments globally were particularly high in 2020 as a response to the pandemic. In Indonesia, there were calls from Indonesian religious authorities for people to use such payments to help people in their communities who were experiencing hardships as a result of the economic slump caused by the pandemic.”

Charities Aid Foundation (2021)

8. Peace Versus Instability

#2010s #extremism #human_development #peace #politics #religious_violence #terrorism

Global Peace Index Lower is better61
Pos.		2023 Score61
1	Iceland	1.12
2	Denmark	1.31
3	Ireland	1.31
	...
50	Uruguay	1.80
51	Ghana	1.80
52	Senegal	1.83
53	Indonesia	1.83
54	Argentina	1.84
55	Madagascar	1.85
56	Namibia	1.86
57	Moldova	1.87
	Asia Avg	2.17
	World Avg	2.07
q=163.

Peacekeeping & Security Lower is better34
Pos.		2017 Rank34
1	Samoa	1
2	S. Africa	2
3	Tunisia	3
4	Egypt	4
5	Nigeria	5
6	Uruguay	6
7	Indonesia	7
8	Brunei	8
9	Moldova	9
10	Morocco	10
11	Oman	11
12	Tanzania	12
	Asia Avg	76.0
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Refugees & UN Treaties Lower is better34
Pos.		2017 Rank34
1	Austria	1
2	Germany	2
3	Netherlands	3
	...
59	Bangladesh	59
60	Seychelles	60
61	Philippines	61
62	Indonesia	62
63	Uganda	63
64	Moldova	64
65	Mozambique	65
66	Burkina Faso	66
	Asia Avg	92.2
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Impact of Terrorism Lower is better62
Pos.		2019 Score62
1	Togo	0.00
2	Mongolia	0.00
3	Swaziland	0.00
	...
113	Chad	4.76
114	Russia	4.90
115	France	5.01
116	Indonesia	5.07
117	Nepal	5.09
118	Burundi	5.10
119	Palestine	5.18
120	Bangladesh	5.21
	Asia Avg	3.60
	World Avg	2.78
q=150.

9. The Natural Environment

#biodiversity #climate_change #deforestation #over-exploitation #the_environment

Forest Area Change 1990-2015 Higher is better63
Pos.		2015 %63
1	Iceland	+205.6
2	Bahrain	+144.4
3	Uruguay	+131.3
	...
158	Argentina	-22.1
159	Cameroon	-22.6
160	Somalia	-23.2
161	Indonesia	-23.2
162	Kyrgyzstan	-23.8
163	Comoros	-24.5
164	Nepal	-24.7
165	Benin	-25.2
	Asia Avg	+07.0
	World Avg	+02.8
q=184.

Environmental Performance Higher is better64
Pos.		201864
1	Switzerland	87.4
2	France	84.0
3	Denmark	81.6
	...
130	Kenya	47.3
131	Bhutan	47.2
132	Vietnam	47.0
133	Indonesia	46.9
134	Guinea	46.6
135	Mozambique	46.4
136	Uzbekistan	45.9
137	Chad	45.3
	Asia Avg	54.5
	World Avg	56.4
q=180.

Energy to GDP Efficiency Higher is better65
Pos.		201465
1	Hong Kong	26.32
2	Sri Lanka	20.00
3	Panama	17.86
	...
33	Germany	11.24
34	Greece	11.24
35	Tunisia	11.24
36	Indonesia	11.11
37	Israel	11.11
38	Turkey	11.11
39	Azerbaijan	10.87
40	Netherlands	10.75
	Asia Avg	09.14
	World Avg	09.29
q=119.

Convention on Biological Diversity Earlier is better
Pos.		0 Signed
1	China	1993 Dec 29
2	Guinea	1993 Dec 29
3	Cook Islands	1993 Dec 29
	...
75	Kiribati	1994 Nov 14
76	Romania	1994 Nov 15
77	Austria	1994 Nov 16
78	Indonesia	1994 Nov 21
79	Slovakia	1994 Nov 23
80	Costa Rica	1994 Nov 24
81	Nigeria	1994 Nov 27
82	Guyana	1994 Nov 27
	Asia Avg	1899 Dec 30
	World Avg	1899 Dec 30
q=197.

Rational Beliefs on the Environment Higher is better66
Pos.		2011 %66
1	Argentina	78.3%
2	Greece	77.6%
3	Brazil	77.1%
	...
13	Mexico	67.0%
14	Nicaragua	67.0%
15	El Salvador	66.8%
16	Indonesia	66.5%
17	Japan	64.7%
18	Panama	64.6%
19	Peru	63.9%
20	Chile	63.8%
	Asia Avg	37.9%
	World Avg	39.9%
q=145.

Indonesia burns and chops through its peatland forests at a great rate. It cleared 41% of Sumatra's cover from 2000 to 2010 alone, and 25% on Borneo; plus further losses on its other islands₆₇. This makes Indonesia one of the world's worst drivers of climate change. Peat forests sequester abundant quantities of carbon for us, and burning them creates more methane than other kinds of forest₆₇. Each hectare of peat forest lost creates 55 metric tonnes of carbon₆₇.

It is facilitated by rich countries buying Indonesian produce; for example, China funds deforestation there through its importing of rubber and timber₆₈. Palm oil is another culprit: 85% of the world's supply comes from Indonesia₆₉ - and it finds itself in some of the develop world's favourite foods, such as chocolate and pizza.

Around 40% of Indonesia's deforestation has been in protected areas in recent decades₆₇; loggers arrive first, and then burn the remaining vegetation in order to clear space to sell on to plantation firms₆₇. The Indonesian government isn't doing much about it - nor is the world. Large companies find it easy to obfuscate their supply chains and source produce from illegally deforested areas. There is low-key public awareness of the evils of unsustainable palm oil in things like Easter Eggs; some confectioners have simply responded by not using the exact phrase "palm oil" on packaging. The World Wildlife Foundation reports that since they started tracking companies in 2009, efforts at tackling unsustainable Palm Oil production "fall drastically short" of what's needed₆₉.

An attempt by Norway all-but-ceased in 2016 when its environment minister concluded "we haven't seen actual progress in reducing deforestation" - it was paying Indonesia $1bn if it managed to do so₇₀. It's unclear what can be done, but, it needs to be an international effort with enough motivation to overcome national barriers and multitudes of expensive lawyers and PR firms being employed by the industries involved.

For more, see:

• Deforestation: 3. The Burning of Indonesian Peat Forest

10. Economic Inequality and Poverty

#capitalism #economics #health #inequality #life_expectancy #poverty #social_development

Inequality in Life Expectancy Lower is better71
Pos.		201971
1	Iceland	2.40
2	Singapore	2.50
3	Hong Kong	2.50
	...
106	Honduras	13.30
107	Paraguay	13.80
108	Uzbekistan	13.90
109	Indonesia	13.90
110	Azerbaijan	13.90
111	Algeria	14.10
112	Vanuatu	14.40
113	Guatemala	14.60
	Asia Avg	11.80
	World Avg	14.59
q=184.

Income Inequality (Gini Coefficient) Lower is better72
Pos.		2017 %72
1	Ukraine	25.0
2	Belarus	25.4
3	Slovenia	25.4
	...
83	Georgia	37.9
84	El Salvador	38.0
85	Gabon	38.0
86	Indonesia	38.1
87	Myanmar (Burma)	38.1
88	Maldives	38.4
89	Burundi	38.6
90	China	38.6
	Asia Avg	35.2
	World Avg	38.1
q=152.

Multidimensional Poverty Lower is better73
Pos.		2018 Severity73
1	Armenia	.001
2	Ukraine	.001
3	Serbia	.001
	...
33	Philippines	.024
34	Mexico	.025
35	S. Africa	.025
36	Indonesia	.028
37	Syria	.029
38	Tajikistan	.029
39	El Salvador	.032
40	Iraq	.033
	Asia Avg	.084
	World Avg	.154
q=101.

11. Religion and Beliefs

#afterlife #belief #buddhism #christianity #confucianism #god #heaven #hell #hinduism #indonesia #islam #judaism #religion #religion_in_indonesia #religiosity #secularisation #universalism

Religiosity (2018)50
Pos.		Lower is better %50
1	China	3
2	Estonia	6
3	Czechia	7
	...
91	Honduras	90
92	Cameroon	90
93	Rwanda	90
94	Liberia	90
95	Morocco	91
96	Guinea-Bissau	91
97	Philippines	91
98	Zambia	91
99	Afghanistan	92
100	Burkina Faso	93
101	Tanzania	93
102	Indonesia	93
103	Mali	94
104	Pakistan	94
105	Ethiopia	98
106	Senegal	98
	World Avg	54.3
q=106.

Disbelief In God (2007)74
Pos.		Higher is better %74
1	Vietnam	81
2	Japan	65
3	Sweden	64
	...
69	Central African Rep.	2
70	Tajikistan	2
71	Turkmenistan	2
72	Indonesia	2
73	Paraguay	1
74	Nicaragua	1
75	Bolivia	1
76	Colombia	1
77	Costa Rica	1
78	Honduras	1
79	Brazil	1
80	Ecuador	1
81	S. Africa	1
82	Venezuela	1
83	Peru	1
84	Guatemala	1
	World Avg	9.9
q=137.

Data from the Pew Forum, a professional polling outfit, states that in 2010 the religious makeup of this country was as follows in the table below₇₅:

Christian	9.9%
Muslim	87.2%
Hindu	1.7%
Buddhist	0.7%
Folk Religion	0.3%
Jewish	0.1%
Unaffiliated	0.1%

The CIA World Factbook has slightly different data, and states: Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 3.4% (2000 census)₇₆.

The Afterlife: Ipsos-NA in 2011 gathered some statistics on IndonesiaIpsos (2011).. Despite the large numbers of Muslims, not many have traditional beliefs in the afterlife - just 62%. Some people don't know what to believe (4%). Some believe that upon death, you simply cease to exist (2%). Also, 1% specifically believe in heaven but not in hell (which is nice - making them possible "universalists"). 6% believe in reincarnation.

Freedom of Religion and Belief: Indonesia does not accept the concept of freedom of religion. The state only permits six religions: Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Catholicism, Protestantism, and Confucianism₃₀ (with some exceptions for some 'native' beliefs). The country's terrible blasphemy law makes it illegal to promote other faiths. Non-religious folk are also forced into picking one of those religions on official forms - but, lying is itself illegal₃₀. Therefore, there is no legal way to be non-religious in Indonesia.

Links:

• A List of All Religions and Belief Systems
• Secularisation Theory: Will Modern Society Reject Religion? What is Secularism?
• Human Rights and Freedom in Indonesia: 4.3. Freedom of Thought

There isn't much information in the database for Indonesia, most likely because it is either a part of another country (i.e., a territory or possession) and therefore most international statistics are counted for the country as a whole, or, this is such an exotic place that little data exists about it.