Tanzania (United Republic of Tanzania)

Tanzania United Republic of Tanzania
Status	Independent State
Capital	Dar es Salaam (administrative/judicial) and Dodoma (legislative)
Land Area	885 800km21
Location	Africa
Population	47.7m (2011)2
Life Expectancy	65.51yrs (2017)3
GNI	$2 467 (2017)4
ISO3166-1 Codes	TZ, TZA, 8345
Internet Domain	.tz6
Currency	Shilling (TZS)7
Telephone	+2558

1. Overview
2. Tanzania National and Social Development
3. Population and Demographics
4. Human Rights, Equality and Freedom
5. Peace Versus Instability
6. Religion and Beliefs
7. The Internet
8. Public Health Issues
9. Children's Health
10. More Charts and Comparisons to Other Countries
11. Links

---

1. Overview

“Shortly after achieving independence from Britain in the early 1960s, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule ended in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. The formation of a government of national unity between Zanzibar's two leading parties succeeded in minimizing electoral tension in 2010.”

CIA's The World Factbook (2013)₉

“Wildlife galore, idyllic beaches, snow-capped Kilimanjaro, moss-covered ruins, friendly people, fascinating cultures - Tanzania has all this and more wrapped up in one adventurous package. Tanzania is the land of safaris, with wildebeest stampeding across the plains, hippos jostling for space in rivers, elephants kicking up the dust and chimpanzees swinging through the treetops. Wherever you go in the country, there are unparalleled opportunities to experience wildlife.

But it´s not just the wildlife that enchants visitors. Tanzania´s magical Indian Ocean coastline is also magical, with its tranquil islands, long beaches and sleepy villages steeped in centuries of Swahili culture. Coconut palms sway in the breeze, dhows glide by on the horizon, and colourful fish flit past spectacular corals in the turquoise waters.

More than anything, though, it is Tanzania´s people that make a visit to the country so memorable, with their characteristic warmth and politeness, and the dignity and beauty of their cultures. Chances are you will want to come back for more, to which most Tanzanians would say `karibu tena´ (welcome again).”

"The World" by Lonely Planet (2014)₁₀

2. Tanzania National and Social Development

#human_development

UN HDI (2016)11
Pos.		Lower is better Rank11
1	Norway	1
2	Australia	2
3	Switzerland	2
	...
148	Swaziland	148
149	Syria	149
150	Angola	150
151	Tanzania	151
152	Nigeria	152
153	Cameroon	153
154	Zimbabwe	154
155	Papua New Guinea	154
	World Avg	94.3
q=188.

Social & Moral Development Index12
Pos.		Higher is better Points12
1	Denmark	83.6
2	Finland	83.1
3	Sweden	82.6
	...
162	Sierra Leone	45.7
163	Guinea	45.7
164	Myanmar (Burma)	45.5
165	Tanzania	45.4
166	Cameroon	45.3
167	Libya	44.6
168	Zimbabwe	44.6
169	Algeria	44.5
	World Avg	55.4
q=198.

The United Nations produces an annual Human Development Report which includes the Human Development Index. The factors taken into account include life expectancy, education and schooling and Gross National Income (GNI) amongst many others..

The Social and Moral Development Index concentrates on moral issues and human rights, violence, public health, equality, tolerance, freedom and effectiveness in climate change mitigation and environmentalism, and on some technological issues. A country scores higher for achieving well in those areas, and for sustaining that achievement in the long term. Those countries towards the top of this index can truly said to be setting good examples and leading humankind onwards into a bright, humane, and free future. See: What is the Best Country in the World? An Index of Morality, Conscience and Good Life.

3. Population and Demographics

#birth_control #demographics #health #immigration #life_expectancy #longevity #overpopulation #population #Tanzania

Old-Age Dependency Ratio (2016)13
Pos.		Lower is better Per 10013
1	Uganda	04.3
2	Mali	04.5
3	Chad	04.7
	...
29	Lesotho	06.1
30	Kenya	06.1
31	S. Sudan	06.2
32	Tanzania	06.2
33	Sao Tome & Principe	06.2
34	Comoros	06.3
35	Mozambique	06.4
36	Madagascar	06.4
	World Avg	18.3
q=185.

Emigrants (2010)14
Pos.		%14
1	Dominica	104.8%
2	Palestine	68.4%
3	Samoa	67.3%
	...
179	USA	0.8%
180	Namibia	0.7%
181	Ethiopia	0.7%
182	Tanzania	0.7%
183	Brazil	0.7%
184	Saudi Arabia	0.7%
185	Qatar	0.7%
186	Nigeria	0.6%
	World Avg	11.5%
q=192.

Fertility Rate (2013)15
Pos.		2.0 is best15
1	N. Korea	2.00
2	Brunei	1.99
3	St Vincent & Grenadines	2.01
	...
166	Angola	5.19
167	Rwanda	5.30
168	Nigeria	5.45
169	Tanzania	5.51
170	Congo, DR	5.54
171	Burkina Faso	5.77
172	Chad	5.79
173	Uganda	5.95
	World Avg	2.81
q=180.

The fertility rate is, in simple terms, the average amount of children that each woman has. The higher the figure, the quicker the population is growing, although, to calculate the rate you also need to take into account morbidity, i.e., the rate at which people die. If people live healthy and long lives and morbidity is low, then, 2.0 approximates to the replacement rate, which would keep the population stable. If all countries had such a fertility rate, population growth would end. The actual replacement rate in most developed countries is around 2.1.

Immigrants (2010)14
Pos.		%14
1	Qatar	86.5%
2	Monaco	71.6%
3	UAE	70.0%
	...
137	Sri Lanka	1.7%
138	Senegal	1.6%
139	Guyana	1.5%
140	Tanzania	1.5%
141	Bolivia	1.5%
142	Bulgaria	1.4%
143	Solomon Islands	1.3%
144	Niger	1.3%
	World Avg	9.2%
q=192.

Life Expectancy (2015)16
Pos.		Higher is better Years16
1	Hong Kong	84.16
2	Japan	83.68
3	Italy	83.34
	...
141	Myanmar (Burma)	66.12
142	Turkmenistan	65.73
143	Madagascar	65.52
144	Tanzania	65.51
145	Namibia	65.06
146	Gabon	64.94
147	Rwanda	64.75
148	Ethiopia	64.60
	World Avg	71.27
q=190.

Population (2012)17
Pos.		Population17
1	China	1.4b
2	India	1.3b
3	USA	315.8m
	...
24	S. Africa	50.7m
25	Myanmar (Burma)	48.7m
26	S. Korea	48.6m
27	Tanzania	47.7m
28	Colombia	47.6m
29	Spain	46.8m
30	Ukraine	44.9m
31	Kenya	42.7m
	World Avg	36.0m
q=195.

Tanzania's population is predicted to rise to 81.85 million by 2030. These millions of extra people will all need space to live, food to eat, energy to consume, and will increase the burden on the planet's resources. This country has a fertility rate of 5.51. The fertility rate is, in simple terms, the average amount of children that each woman has. The higher the figure, the quicker the population is growing, although, to calculate the rate you also need to take into account morbidity, i.e., the rate at which people die. If people live healthy and long lives and morbidity is low, then, 2.0 approximates to the replacement rate, which would keep the population stable. If all countries had such a fertility rate, population growth would end. The actual replacement rate in most developed countries is around 2.1.

• The Population of the Earth
• Abortion, Birth Control and Contraception

4. Human Rights, Equality and Freedom

#equality #freedom #human_rights #politics #tanzania #tolerance

Tanzania is generally poor at ensuring human rights and freedom compared to the rest of the world. Tanzania comes in the best 20 in fighting anti-semitic opinions₁₈ (the best in Africa). It does better than average in its Global Peace Index rating₁₉, commentary in Human Rights Watch reports₂₀ and in supporting press freedom₂₁. Tanzania does not succeed in everything, however. It does worse than average when it comes to supporting personal, civil & economic freedoms₂₂ (still low for Africa), its nominal commitment to Human Rights₂₃, fighting corruption₂₄, eliminating modern slavery₂₅, the year from which women could participate in democracy₂₆, opposing gender inequality₂₇ and in LGBT equality₂₈. Since appointment in 2015, President John Pombe Magufuli "has restricted basic freedoms through repressive laws and decrees. Critical journalists, politicians, human rights defenders, civil society activists and senior United Nations officials have faced various threats, intimidation and arbitrary detention by government authorities"₂₉. In 2016 the government initiated an ongoing and unprecedented campaign to harass and intimidate LGBT folk and disrupt their advocates, including forced medical examinations for signs of homosexuality₂₉. It is a moral requirement that the government defends minorities and protects the rights of adult to have consensual relations, not instigating needless prejudice against them based on sexuality.

For tables, charts and commentary, see:

• Human Rights and Freedom in Tanzania

5. Peace Versus Instability

#extremism #human_development #peace #politics #religious_violence #Tanzania #terrorism

Peacekeeping and Security (2017)30
Pos.		Lower is better Rank30
1	Samoa	1
2	S. Africa	2
3	Tunisia	3
	...
9	Moldova	9
10	Morocco	10
11	Oman	11
12	Tanzania	12
13	Cameroon	13
14	Singapore	14
15	Colombia	15
16	Costa Rica	16
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Refugees and UN Treaties (2017)30
Pos.		Lower is better Rank30
1	Austria	1
2	Germany	2
3	Netherlands	3
	...
82	Paraguay	82
83	Sierra Leone	83
84	Israel	84
85	Tanzania	85
86	Jamaica	86
87	Nicaragua	87
88	Niger	88
89	India	89
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Global Peace Index (2012)19
Pos.		Lower is better19
1	Iceland	1.11
2	New Zealand	1.24
3	Denmark	1.24
	...
52	Sierra Leone	1.86
53	Lesotho	1.86
54	Morocco	1.87
55	Tanzania	1.87
56	Burkina Faso	1.88
57	Djibouti	1.88
58	Mongolia	1.88
59	Oman	1.89
	World Avg	2.02
q=157.

"The 2012 Global Peace Index is the sixth edition of the world's leading study on global levels of peacefulness. The GPI ranks 158 nations using 23 qualitative and quantitative indicators from highly respected sources, which gauge three broad themes: the level of safety and security in society; the extent of domestic or international conflict; and the degree of militarisation. By generating new information on the state of peace at the national and global level, the Institute for Economics and Peace hopes to make a valuable contribution to better understanding how civil society, researchers, policymakers, and government can create a more peaceful society"₁₉. The most peaceable countries in the world are Iceland, New Zealand and Denmark₁₉ and the worst are Somalia, Afghanistan and Sudan₁₉.

Impact of Terrorism (2019)31
Pos.		Lower is better Score31
1	Togo	0.00
2	Mongolia	0.00
3	Swaziland	0.00
	...
88	Italy	3.11
89	Paraguay	3.12
90	Bahrain	3.20
91	Tanzania	3.27
92	Spain	3.35
93	Bolivia	3.39
94	Algeria	3.41
95	Sweden	3.45
	World Avg	2.78
q=150.

6. Religion and Beliefs

#belief #buddhism #christianity #god #hinduism #islam #judaism #religion

Religiosity (2009)32
Pos.		Lower is better %32
1	Estonia	16
2	Sweden	17
3	Denmark	19
	...
68	Panama	88
69	Bolivia	89
70	Syria	89
71	Tanzania	89
72	Kosovo	90
73	India	90
74	Kuwait	91
75	UAE	91
	World Avg	75.1
q=114.

Disbelief In God (2007)33
Pos.		Higher is better %33
1	Vietnam	81
2	Japan	65
3	Sweden	64
	...
103	Algeria	0
104	Yemen	0
105	Zambia	0
106	Tanzania	0
107	Malaysia	0
108	Haiti	0
109	Iraq	0
110	Guinea	0
	World Avg	9.9
q=137.

Data from the Pew Forum, a professional polling outfit, states that in 2010 the religious makeup of this country was as follows in the table below₃₄:

Christian	61.4%
Muslim	35.2%
Hindu	0.1%
Buddhist	0.1%
Folk Religion	1.8%
Jew	0.1%
Unaffiliated	1.4%

The CIA World Factbook has slightly different data, and states: mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 35%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim₃₅.

Links:

• A List of All Religions and Belief Systems
• Secularisation Theory: Will Modern Society Reject Religion? What is Secularism?

7. The Internet

#internet #it_security #Tanzania #the_internet

Internet Users (2016)36
Pos.		Higher is better36
1	Iceland	100%
2	Faroe Islands	99%
3	Norway	98%
	...
184	Malawi	7%
185	Mozambique	6%
186	Benin	6%
187	Tanzania	5%
188	Central African Rep.	5%
189	Madagascar	4%
190	Ethiopia	4%
191	Congo, DR	4%
	World Avg	48.1%
q=201.

IT Security (2013)37
Pos.		Lower is better37
1	Ireland	0.11
2	Luxembourg	0.11
3	Belize	0.11
	...
67	Germany	1.46
68	Netherlands	1.47
69	Rwanda	1.50
70	Tanzania	1.50
71	Maldives	1.57
72	China	1.59
73	Angola	1.61
74	Sri Lanka	1.67
	World Avg	0.98
q=81.

Internet access has become an essential research tool. It facilitates an endless list of life improvements, from the ability to network and socialize without constraint, to access to a seemingly infinite repository of technical and procedural information on pretty much any task. The universal availability of data has sped up industrial development and personal learning at the national and personal level. Individuals can read any topic they wish regardless of the locality of expert teachers, and, entire nations can develop their technology and understanding of the world simply because they are now exposed to advanced societies and moral discourses online. Like every communications medium, the Internet has issues and causes a small range of problems, but these are insignificant compared to the advantages of having an online populace.

8. Public Health Issues

#alcohol #genetics #health #obesity #public_health #smoking #sociology #Tanzania #UK

Tanzania has some poor policies and cultural issues which cause some public health problems. Tanzania does better than average in its smoking rate₃₈, the prevalence of overweight adults₃₉ and in its immunizations take-up₄₀. Tanzania does not succeed in everything, however. It does worse than average in terms of its food aid and health contributions and WHO compliance₃₀ (still good for Africa) and in its alcohol consumption rate₄₁. And finally, it falls into the worst 20 in its adolescent birth rate₂₇. The prevalence of overweight adults has increased by 14% over the last 40 years.

Alcohol Consumption (2016)41
Pos.		Lower is better Per Capita41
1	Bangladesh	0.0
2	Kuwait	0.0
3	Libya	0.0
	...
139	Grenada	9.3
140	S. Africa	9.3
141	St Kitts & Nevis	9.4
142	Tanzania	9.4
143	Uganda	9.5
144	Barbados	9.6
145	Argentina	9.8
146	Georgia	9.8
	World Avg	6.2
q=189.

There is nothing wrong with drinking modest and sensible amounts of alcohol but fitness, physical health, mental health and long-term health all suffer as a result of medium- or heavy- drinking₄₂ and the health risks to the baby when pregnant mothers drink₄₃ are well-known. Aside from the effects on the individual, alcohol misuse impacts on entire economies₄₄ via increased health service costs, policing costs and lost days' work. Worldwide, alcohol misuse is "among the top five risk factors for disease, disability and death" and is a "cause of more than 200 disease and injury conditions in individuals, most notably alcohol dependence, liver cirrhosis, cancers and injuries"₄₅. "In 2012... 5.9% of all global deaths, were attributable to alcohol consumption"₄₆. Deaths from chronic alcohol misuse have been rising for decades, and so has violence, abuse, vandalism and crime all associated with alcohol over-use. The aggression and crime associated with alcohol in some Western countries infringes on the human rights of those who want nothing to do with such behaviour. Many of the social effects of alcohol are psychological and cultural; i.e., people don't have to behave criminally or destructively whilst drunk - it is a culturally learned behaviour. Experiments have shown that behaviour can be controlled: Those who do not wish to behave badly whilst drunk, will not do so.

Food Aid, Health Contributions & WHO Compliance (2017)30
Pos.		Lower is better Rank30
1	Sweden	1
2	Ireland	2
3	Denmark	3
	...
98	Colombia	98
99	Vietnam	99
100	Lesotho	100
101	Tanzania	101
102	Equatorial Guinea	102
103	Barbados	103
104	Venezuela	104
105	Timor-Leste (E. Timor)	105
	World Avg	82.0
q=163.

Overweight Adults (2016)39
Pos.		Lower is better %39
1	Vietnam	18.3
2	India	19.7
3	Bangladesh	20.0
	...
30	Angola	27.5
31	Philippines	27.6
32	Sierra Leone	27.7
33	Tanzania	27.7
34	Zambia	27.8
35	Togo	28.1
36	Mali	28.1
37	Indonesia	28.2
	World Avg	49.0
q=191.

About one third of the global population is overweight or obese₄₇. Most Western countries are facing an obesity epidemic. Our cultures are having to change to compensate for widespread ill-health. It is costing our health systems a massive amount of money, and is having negative effects on national economies. The situation has persisted for a suitable length of time for our very perceptions to change; opinions on "normal weights" for people and "average sizes" for clothes has shot up₄₈. Over 2 in 3 adults in the UK are overweight₄₈ and this costs the NHS £5.1 billion per year₄₉ and "costs Britain's economy £47bn a year; more than war, terrorism or armed violence"₅₀. We are forgetting how to be healthy.

The causes are not genetic. Most people who say obesity "runs in their family" are wrong. The rate of increase in obesity is many, many times too fast to be accounted for by a change in inherited genes₅₁. Our culture and lifestyle choices are to blame. The causes of the modern obesity epidemic are processed foods, low levels of physical exercise, over-indulgence, poor choices in food products, poor knowledge of nutrition. Most of this is made much worse by well-funded advertising campaigns by food manufacturers selling cheaper mass-produced food. Even some so-called "health foods" contain well over recommended limits of fat, salt and sugar₅₂.

Smoking Rates (2014)38
Pos.		Lower is better38
1	Guinea	15
2	Solomon Islands	26
3	Kiribati	28
	...
17	Lesotho	88
18	Trinidad & Tobago	97
19	Burundi	98
20	Tanzania	101
21	Liberia	104
22	Niger	105
23	Sao Tome & Principe	111
24	India	111
	World Avg	819
q=182.

9. Children's Health

#health #parenting #population #Tanzania #vaccines

Adolescent Birth Rate (2015)27
Pos.		Lower is better Per 100027
1	N. Korea	0.5
2	S. Korea	1.6
3	Switzerland	2.9
	...
173	Madagascar	116.2
174	Congo, (Brazzaville)	117.7
175	Sierra Leone	118.2
176	Tanzania	118.6
177	Congo, DR	122.6
178	Chad	133.5
179	Ivory Coast	135.5
180	Malawi	136.2
	World Avg	47.9
q=185.

Infant Immunizations 2011-2015 (2015)40
Pos.		Higher is better Avg %40
1	Hungary	99.0
2	China	99.0
3	Uzbekistan	98.9
	...
78	Bolivia	94.2
79	UAE	94.0
80	Bangladesh	94.0
81	Tanzania	94.0
82	Germany	94.0
83	Lithuania	93.9
84	Estonia	93.9
85	N. Korea	93.8
	World Avg	88.3
q=194.

10. More Charts and Comparisons to Other Countries