Human Rights and Freedom in Norway

Norway Kingdom of Norway [Country Profile Page]
Status	Independent State
Social and Moral Index	2nd best
Location	Europe, Scandinavia
Population	5.3m1
Life Expectancy	83.23yrs (2017)2

When it comes to ensuring human rights and freedom, Norway leads the world, setting excellent examples. Norway does the best in combatting modern slavery₃, supporting press freedom₄ and in its average Freedom in the World rating. It does the second-best in opposing gender inequality₅. It comes in the best 20 in terms of LGBT equality in the 2020s₆, the rate of gender bias (from 7 indicators)₇ (one of the best in Europe), freethought₈, supporting personal, civil & economic freedoms₉ and in its success in fighting anti-semitic prejudice₁₀. And finally, it does better than average in its nominal commitment to Human Rights₁₁ and in commentary in Human Rights Watch reports₁₂ (but low for Europe). Since 2009, gay couples in Norway have been able to marry and adopt children despite resistance from members of the Christian Democratic Party and the Lutheran-affiliated Church₁₃. Human Rights Watch's 2018 report states that Norway's support of women's rights at home and internationally has been notable₁₄.

1. Norway's Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance
2. Human Rights & Tolerance Datasets
   1. Press Freedom
   2. Slavery in the 2020s
   3. Personal, Civil & Economic Freedom
   4. Freedom in the World
   5. Human Rights Watch Comments
   6. Nominal Commitment to HR
   7. HR Treaties Lag
3. Gender Equality Datasets
   1. Gender Inequality
   2. Gender Biases
   3. Year Women Can Vote
4. Prejudice Datasets
   1. Anti-Semite Opinions
   2. LGBT Equality in the 2020s
   3. Freedom of Thought
5. Links

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1. Norway's Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance

#equality #freedom #gender_equality #human_rights #morals #norway #politics #prejudice #tolerance

Compared to Europe (2025)15
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank15
1	Sweden	7.8
2	Netherlands	8.7
3	Denmark	8.8
4	Norway	9.2
5	Iceland	15.7
6	Finland	17.4
7	Luxembourg	17.8
8	Belgium	18.7
9	Austria	23.8
10	France	23.8
11	Germany	24.6
12	Switzerland	25.0
13	UK	25.5
	Europe Avg	47.37
q=49.

Human Rights, Equality & Tolerance (2025)15
Pos.		Lower is better Avg Rank15
1	Sweden	7.8
2	Netherlands	8.7
3	Denmark	8.8
4	Norway	9.2
5	Iceland	15.7
6	Canada	16.7
7	Finland	17.4
8	Luxembourg	17.8
9	Belgium	18.7
10	New Zealand	18.9
11	Australia	22.1
12	Austria	23.8
	World Avg	89.80
q=199.

The best countries in the world at ensuring human rights, fostering equality and promoting tolerance, are Sweden, The Netherlands and Denmark₁₆. These countries are displaying the best traits that humanity has to offer. The worst countries are Somalia, Eritrea and Saudi Arabia₁₆.

31 datasets are used to calculate points for each country, including multiple decades of data on supporting press freedom, combatting modern slavery, supporting personal, civil & economic freedoms, its average Freedom in the World rating, commentary in Human Rights Watch reports, its nominal commitment to Human Rights, speed of uptake of HR treaties, opposing gender inequality, the rate of gender bias (from 7 indicators), the year from which women could participate in democracy, its success in fighting anti-semitic prejudice, LGBT equality and freethought. The regions with the best average results per country are Scandinavia, Baltic States and Europe₁₆, whereas the worst are The Middle East, Africa and Asia₁₆.

For more, see:

• " Which are the Best Countries for Human Rights, Equality and Tolerance?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

Amnesty International's 2023-23 summary on human rights in Norway stated:

“Norway received over 36,122 people fleeing Ukraine. A law on human rights in business and the supply chain entered into force in July. A report by the Group of Experts monitoring Norway’s implementation of the Istanbul Convention urged the government to redefine rape in criminal law as sexual intercourse without freely given consent.”

"The State of the World's Human Rights 2022/23" by Amnesty International (2023)₁₇

2. Human Rights & Tolerance Datasets

2.1. Press Freedom

#democracy #freedom #Freedom_of_Speech #Good_Governance #mass_media #politics #UK

Press Freedom Higher is better4
Pos.		20254
1	Norway	92.31
2	Estonia	89.46
3	Netherlands	88.64
4	Sweden	88.13
5	Finland	87.18
6	Denmark	86.93
7	Ireland	86.92
8	Portugal	84.26
9	Switzerland	83.98
10	Czechia	83.96
11	Germany	83.85
12	Liechtenstein	83.42
	Europe Avg	70.63
	World Avg	54.65
q=179.

Norway comes best in the world when it comes to supporting press freedom.

The freedom to investigate, publish information, and have access to others' opinion is a fundamental part of today's information-driven world, and is linked with Freedom of Speech and Good Governance. Scores on the Press Freedom Index are calculated according to indicators including pluralism - the degree to which opinions are represented in the media, media independence of authorities, self-censorship, legislation, transparency and the infrastructure that supports news and information, and, the level of violence against journalists which includes lengths of imprisonments. The index "does not take direct account of the kind of political system but it is clear that democracies provide better protection for the freedom to produce and circulate accurate news and information than countries where human rights are flouted". The rankings are used as one of the datasets of the Social and Moral Development Index₁₈

It must be noted that press freedom is not an indicator of press quality and the press itself can be abusive; the UK suffers in particular from a popular brand of nasty reporting that infuses several of its newspapers who are particularly prone to running destructive and often untrue campaigns against victims. The Press Freedom Index notes that "the index should in no way be taken as an indicator of the quality of the media in the countries concerned".

For more, see:

• "Human Rights" by Vexen Crabtree (2019).

Averages by decade for Norway (for the ranks, lower is better):

Press Freedom	2000s  Average	2010s  Average
Norway:	0.78	92.48
World Rank:	2nd	⇡  1st
World Avg:	27.44	65.91

2.2. Slavery in the 2020s

#australia #burundi #eritrea #france #germany #human_rights #indonesia #slavery

Slavery in the 2020s Lower is better3
Pos.		Total Per 10003
1=	Switzerland	0.50
1=	Norway	0.50
3=	Germany	0.60
3=	Sweden	0.60
3=	Denmark	0.60
3=	Netherlands	0.60
7	Belgium	1.00
8=	Japan	1.10
8=	Ireland	1.10
10	Finland	1.40
11	Mauritius	1.50
12=	Australia	1.60
	Europe Avg	5.64
	World Avg	7.15
q=160.

Norway is best in the world regarding combatting modern slavery.

Modern slavery includes forced labour (often of the under-age), debt bondage (especially generational), sexual slavery, chattel slavery and other forms of abuse, some of which can be surprisingly difficult to detect, but often target those fleeing from warzones, and the poverty-stricken vulnerable.₁₉. Some industries (diamond, clothing, coal) from some countries (Burundi₂₀, Eritrea₂₀, Indonesia₂₁) are a particular concern. The Walk Free Foundation, say in their 2023 report, that 50 million people are living in modern slavery₂₀, and, nearly two-thirds of those in forced labour are employed at the end of supply chains working for large multinationals that creating products consumed by rich countries₂₂.

For more, see:

• "The Historical Slave Trade and Modern Slavery" by Vexen Crabtree (2018).

The Walk Free Foundation in 2023 says that Norway (along with Australia, France and Germany) is doing the correct due diligence and "setting new standards for the type of legislation we would like to see adopted everywhere" for preventing modern forms of slvery₂₃.

Averages by decade for Norway (for the ranks, lower is better):

Slavery	2010s  Average	2020s  Average
Norway:	1.80	0.50
World Rank:	25th	⇡  1st
World Avg:	6.54	7.15

2.3. Personal, Civil & Economic Freedom

#freedom #politics

Personal, Civil & Economic Freedom Lower is better9
Pos.		2014 Rank9
1	Hong Kong	1
2	Switzerland	2
3	New Zealand	3
	...
10	Netherlands	10
11=	Luxembourg	11
11=	Austria	11
13=	Norway	13
13=	Germany	13
15	Sweden	15
16	Malta	16
17	Belgium	17
	Europe Avg	33.9
	World Avg	79.7
q=159.

Norway ranks 13th-best in the world in terms of supporting personal, civil & economic freedoms.

The Human Freedom Index published by the Fraser Institute is...

“... a broad measure of human freedom, understood as the absence of coercive constraint. It uses 79 distinct indicators of personal and economic freedom in the following areas: Rule of Law, Security and Safety, Movement, Religion, Association, Assembly, and Civil Society, Expression, Relationships, Size of Government, Legal System and Property Rights, Access to Sound Money, Freedom to Trade Internationally, Regulation of Credit, Labor, and Business. [...]

The highest levels of freedom are in Western Europe, Northern Europe, and North America (Canada and the United States. The lowest levels are in the Middle East and North Africa, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. [...]

Countries in the top quartile of freedom enjoy a significant higher per capita income ($37,147) [compared with] the least-free quartile [at] $8,700). The HFI finds a strong correlation between human freedom and democracy.”

"The Human Freedom Index" by The Fraser Institute (2016)₂₄

For more, see:

• "Human Rights" by Vexen Crabtree (2019).

2.4. Freedom in the World

#freedom #human_rights #hungary #politics #USA

Freedom in the World Lower is better
Pos.		2024 Score
1=	Norway	1.0
1=	Canada	1.0
1=	Cape Verde	1.0
1=	Slovakia	1.0
1=	Chile	1.0
1=	San Marino	1.0
1=	Costa Rica	1.0
1=	St Vincent & Grenadines	1.0
1=	St Lucia	1.0
1=	Cyprus	1.0
1=	Denmark	1.0
1=	Dominica	1.0
	Europe Avg	2.2
	World Avg	3.7
q=205.

Norway is positioned best in the world with regard to its average Freedom in the World rating.

Freedom House's long-standing annual report has been running since the 1970s, collecting data on political rights (PR) and civil liberties (CL). Their reports rate countries as "Free", "Partially Free" or "Not Free", however the results here are based on their numerical values. Many countries score the best combination of scores (1 and 1), which is why the table of results show many places equally placed in 1st place. In the past two decades, some well-established democracies like the USA and Hungary have been falling. Whilst most of the world in general is improving rights and freedoms over time, the 2020s has seen some regression.

For more, see:

• " Which are the Best Countries for Human Rights, Equality and Tolerance?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

Averages by decade for Norway (for the ranks, lower is better):

Freedom in the World	1970s  Average	1980s  Average	1990s  Average	2000s  Average	2010s  Average
Norway:	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
World Rank:	1st	1st	1st	1st	1st
World Avg:	4.3	4.2	3.6	3.4	3.4

2.5. Human Rights Watch Comments

#human_rights

Human Rights Watch Comments Higher is better12
Pos.		2017 Score12
1=	UK	9
1=	France	9
1=	Germany	9
	...
35=	Chile	2
36=	Paraguay	1
36=	Costa Rica	1
36=	Norway	1
36=	Panama	1
40=	Ukraine	0
40=	Nepal	0
40=	S. Korea	0
	Europe Avg	3.5
	World Avg	-1.9
q=123.

In terms of commentary in Human Rights Watch reports, Norway ranks 36th in the world.

Human Rights Watch comments concentrate mostly on negative issues, however, they also make positive comments for those countries that engage in human rights defence around the world, or who make improvements at home. By adding up positive and negative comments (including double-points for negatives that involve large scales and crimes against humanity), the Social and Moral Index turns HRW commentary into quantified values. Some countries may be unfairly penalized because HRW have not examined them, and, some countries "get away" with abuses if they manage to hide it, or if it goes unnoticed - a negative point has been given for those countries in which HRW specifically state that access to investigators has been barred. The points were limited to a minimum of -10 because there are some points at which things are so bad, with abuses affecting so many, it is difficult to be more specific about the depths of the issues.

For more, see:

• "Human Rights" by Vexen Crabtree (2019).

2.6. Nominal Commitment to HR

#human_rights

Nominal Commitment to HR Higher is better11
Pos.		2009 Treaties11
1	Argentina	24
2=	Chile	23
2=	Costa Rica	23
	...
42=	Romania	20
42=	Bulgaria	20
42=	Burkina Faso	20
42=	Norway	20
42=	Portugal	20
42=	Poland	20
42=	S. Korea	20
42=	Panama	20
	Europe Avg	19.5
	World Avg	15.1
q=194.

Norway is positioned 29th in the world in terms of its nominal commitment to Human Rights.

There are many international agreements on human rights, and, many mechanisms by which countries can be brought to account for their actions. Together, these have been the biggest historical movement in the fight against oppression and inhumanity. Or, putting it another way: these are rejected mostly by those who wish to oppress inhumanely. None of them are perfect and many people object to various components and wordings, but, no-one has come up with, and enforced, better methods of controlling the occasional desires that states and peoples have of causing angst for other states and peoples in a violent, unjust or inhumane way. Points are awarded for the number of human rights agreements ratified by the country, plus the acceptance of the petition mechanisms for disputes. The maximum possible score in 2009 was 24.

For more, see:

• "Human Rights" by Vexen Crabtree (2019).

2.7. HR Treaties Lag

#human_rights #international_law #micronesia #politics #small_islands

HR Treaties Lag Lower is better25
Pos.		2019 Avg Yrs/Treaty25
1	Ecuador	2.15
2	Uruguay	2.25
3	Tunisia	3.65
	...
16	Sweden	4.88
17	Ukraine	4.94
18	Mali	4.97
19	Norway	5.05
20	Denmark	5.06
21	S. Sudan	5.41
22	Morocco	5.44
23	Romania	5.52
	Europe Avg	9.09
	World Avg	10.02
q=195.

With respect to speed of uptake of HR treaties, Norway comes 19th-best in the world.

Human Rights (HR) Treaties Lag is a count of how long it took each country to sign each of 11 key HR treaties. From the date of the first signatory of each treaty, all other countries have one point added to their score for each day they delayed in signing. Results are presented as average time in years to sign each one. The lower a country's score, the more enthusiastically it has taken on international Human Rights Treaties - which are, of course, minimal standards of good governance. The slowest are the countries of Micronesia, Melanesia, Australasia and Polynesia all lagged by over 12 years per treaty. The best regions are The Americas, Scandinavia and the Mediterranean.

For more, see:

• " Which are the Best Countries for Human Rights, Equality and Tolerance?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

3. Gender Equality Datasets

#norway

Norway is notable for its equality between the sexes and this has been a feature of the country's culture for quite some time.

See:

• "Religion Versus Womankind" by Vexen Crabtree (2007)

Human Rights Watch's 2018 report states that Norway's support of women's rights at home and internationally has been notable₁₄.

3.1. Gender Inequality

#gender #gender_equality #human_rights #misogyny #women

Gender Inequality Lower is better5
Pos.		20225
1	Denmark	0.01
2	Norway	0.01
3	Switzerland	0.02
4	Sweden	0.02
5	Netherlands	0.03
6	Finland	0.03
7	UAE	0.04
8	Singapore	0.04
9	Iceland	0.04
10	Luxembourg	0.04
11	Belgium	0.05
12	Austria	0.05
	Europe Avg	0.12
	World Avg	0.34
q=166.

Regarding opposing gender inequality, Norway comes 2nd-best in the world, after Denmark.

The UN Human Development Reports include statistics on gender equality which take into account things like maternal mortality, access to political power (seats in parliament) and differences between male and female education rates. Gender inequality is not a necessary part of early human development. Although a separation of roles is almost universal due to different strengths between the genders, this does not have to mean that women are subdued, and, such patriarchalism is not universal in ancient history. Those cultures and peoples who shed, or never developed, the idea that mankind ought to dominate womankind, are better cultures and peoples than those who, even today, cling violently to those mores.

For more, see:

• "Gender Equality" by Vexen Crabtree (2023).

Throughout the 1990s to 2010s, Norway sat amongst the 10 countries with the least amount of Gender Inequality.

Averages by decade for Norway (for the ranks, lower is better):

Gender Inequality	1990s  Average	2000s  Average	2010s  Average
Norway:	0.11	0.08	0.04
World Rank:	5th	5th	⇡  4th
World Avg:	0.44	0.41	0.37

3.2. Gender Biases

#gender #gender_equality #prejudice #women

Gender Biases Lower is better7
Pos.		2022 %7
1	Sweden	31.826
2	New Zealand	34.427
3	Australia	37.027
4	Germany	40.227
5	Canada	41.127
6	Norway	42.128
7	Andorra	43.127
8	Netherlands	44.226
9	USA	50.727
10	Finland	52.528
11	Spain	53.526
12	Switzerland	56.928
	Europe Avg	69.08
	World Avg	83.93
q=88.

Norway ranks 6th-best in the world in terms of the rate of gender bias (from 7 indicators) (one of the lowest in Europe).

The Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI) looks at gender biases across seven criteria; the % given here is for the total people who are biased across any of those criteria. By subtracting the value from 100%, you can see that those who do well on this index, you are seeing a count of those who do not appear to be biased against women in any of the criteria, and so, doing well on this index is a very positive sign for any country.

The data was included in UN (2022) with full results in Annex table AS6.7.1; their data stems for ranges between 2005 and 2022, depending on the country in question.

3.3. Year Women Can Vote

#christianity #gender_equality #human_rights #politics #women

Year Women Can Vote Lower is better
Pos.		Total Year
1	New Zealand	1893
2	Australia	1902
3	Finland	1906
4	Norway	1913
5=	Denmark	1915
5=	Iceland	1915
7	Russia	1917
8=	Latvia	1918
8=	Estonia	1918
8=	Kyrgyzstan	1918
11=	Austria	1919
11=	Slovakia	1919
	Europe Avg	1895
	World Avg	1930
q=189.

Norway comes 4th-best in the world in terms of the year from which women could participate in democracy.

Women now have equal rights in the vast majority of countries across the world. Although academic literature oftens talks of when a country "grants women the right to vote", this enforces a backwards way of thinking. Women always had the right to vote, however, they were frequently denied that right. The opposition to women's ability to vote in equality with man was most consistently and powerfully opposed by the Catholic Church, other Christian organisations, Islamic authorities and some other religious and secular traditionalists.

For more, see:

• "Gender Equality" by Vexen Crabtree (2023).

4. Prejudice Datasets

4.1. Anti-Semite Opinions

#antisemitism #christianity #germany #indonesia #jordan #judaism #laos #morocco #netherlands #pakistan #philippines #religion #religious_violence #saudi_arabia #spain #sweden #turkey #UK #vietnam

Anti-Semite Opinions Lower is better10
Pos.		2014 %10
1	Laos	0
2	Philippines	3
3	Sweden	4
	...
12=	Canada	14
12=	New Zealand	14
12=	Australia	14
15=	Norway	15
15=	Ghana	15
15=	Finland	15
18=	Brazil	16
18=	Singapore	16
	Europe Avg	29.9
	World Avg	36.8
q=101.

In terms of its success in fighting anti-semitic prejudice, Norway comes 16th-best in the world.

Anti-Semitism is the word given to irrational racism against Jews. It's not the same as anti-Judaism (arguments against the religion) nor the same as anti-Zionism (arguments against Israel). In history, influential Christian theologians concocted the arguments against Jews that led, very early on, to widespread Christian action against Jews_29,30,31,32. As Christianity rose to power in the West and presided over the Dark Ages, there were repeated violent outbursts against Jews of the most horrible kind. Entire Crusades were aimed at them and the feared Spanish Inquisition paid Jews particular attention. The horror of the holocaust instigated by German Nazis in the 1940s was followed (finally) by the era of European human rights and a movement against racism in general.

The places that are the least anti-Semitical are a few countries of south-east Asia (Laos, the Philippines and Vietnam) and some of the secular liberal democracies of Europe (Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK). The worst countries for antisemitism are Islamic states of the Middle East₃₃, which are undergoing their own Dark Age. Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Morocco, Indonesia, Pakistan and Turkey see the most oppressive and violent actions towards Jews_34,35. Jews in Muslim countries face a host of restrictions and "ceaseless humiliation and regular pogroms"₃₆. In 2004 the European Union Monitoring Center on Racism and Xenophobia reported on violent anti-Jew crimes in the EU and found that that largest group of perpetrators were young Muslim males₃₇.

For more, see:

• "Anti-Semitism" by Vexen Crabtree (2017).

4.2. LGBT Equality in the 2020s

#denmark #equality #homosexuality #human_rights #ICCPR #intolerance #norway #sexuality #tolerance

Since 2009, gay couples in Norway have been able to marry, adopt children and undergo artificial insemination. The new law, which was passed in 2008, replaced a 1993 law permitting civil unions. It passed despite resistance from members of the Christian Democratic Party and the Progress Party, as well as a public controversy over state funding for fertility treatments for lesbian couples.₁₃

The largest religious group in the country, the Lutheran-affiliated Church of Norway, initially voted to prohibit its pastors from conducting same-sex weddings. But the Church of Norway changed course and began sanctioning same-sex weddings in early 2017.₁₃

LGBT Equality in the 2020s Higher is better6
Pos.		Total Score6
1=	Germany	4.88
1=	Spain	4.88
3	Portugal	4.81
4	Brazil	4.80
5	France	4.76
6	Norway	4.73
7=	Netherlands	4.72
7=	Argentina	4.72
9	USA	4.68
10=	UK	4.66
10=	Luxembourg	4.66
12	Mexico	4.35
	Europe Avg	1.77
	World Avg	-1.21
q=215.

Norway comes 6th-best in the world in terms of LGBT equality in the 2020s.

Discrimination against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) folk is rife across the world. Legal restrictions co-exist alongside social stigmatisation and physical violence₃₈. LGBT tolerance and equal rights have been fought for country-by-country against tightly entrenched cultural and religious opposition. Adult consensual sexual activity is a Human Right and protected by privacy laws₃₉. Despite this, it is illegal to be homosexual in over 60 countries (as of 2025)₄₀. The Vexen LGBT Equality Index as part of the Social and Moral Development Index grants points to each country depending on its LGBT stance since the 1970s_41,42. Europe is by far the least prejudiced region, but in the Middle East and Africa cultural prejudice goes hand-in-hand with state intolerance, all too often including physical violence.

For more, see:

• " LGBT Rights Across the World: Which are the Best and Worst Countries?" by Vexen Crabtree (2025).

Homosexuality has been legal in Norway since 1972, removing prejudice enshrined in law since King Christian V in 1687 who imposed Lutheran morality laws on the country, which included the death penalty for male homosexuality. Shortly after 1972, Norway also removed bans from the military in 1979 and has included sexual orientation in anti-discrimination laws since 1981 (it was the first country to do so). It was then the second country in the world (after Denmark to allow civil partnerships (in 1993) that granted some rights to LGBT folk. Same-sex marriage was then legalized in 2009, replacing civil partnerships with full marriage equality.. ILGA researchers in 2017 found that Norway had legal protections against anti-LGBT employment discrimination, hate crime, incitement and other protections.

Actions taken at the United Nations:

•  ⇡  Supported a 2003 resolution at the UN Commission tabled by Brazil, on prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation and supported it in 2004 (it was defeated both times by the Vatican and a collection of Islamic countries).
•  ⇡  Supported the 2006 Norway Joint Statement on sexual orientation and gender identity at the UN.
•  ⇡  Supported the 2008 Declaration at the UN General Assemly affirming LGBTQ rights, tabled by Argentina.
•  ⇡  Voted in favour of the 2011 Resolution at the UN Human Rights Council posted by South Africa, requesting a report on discrimination and violence against LGBTQ folk.
•  ⇡  In 2025, signed the UN Human Rights Council Joint statement on ending acts of violence and human rights violations based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
•  ⇡  In 2022, voted to renew the UN Human Rights Council Independent Expert on discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
•  ⇡  In 2025, voted to renew the UN Human Rights Council Independent Expert on discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.

Averages by decade for Norway (for the ranks, lower is better):

LGBT Equality	1970s  Average	1980s  Average	1990s  Average	2000s  Average	2010s  Average	2020s  Average
Norway:	-0.50	1.00	1.56	5.87	4.70	4.73
World Rank:	55th	⇡  2nd	2nd	⇣  3rd	⇣  16th	⇡  6th
World Avg:	-2.98	-2.87	-2.60	-2.15	-1.10	-1.21

4.3. Freedom of Thought

#europe #freedom_of_belief #freethought #human_rights #netherlands #religion #religious_tolerance #secularism #the_enlightenment

Freedom of Thought Lower is better8
Pos.		20218
1=	Belgium	1.0
1=	Taiwan	1.0
1=	Netherlands	1.0
	...
8=	France	1.3
9=	Sweden	1.5
9=	Iceland	1.5
9=	Norway	1.5
9=	Congo, (Brazzaville)	1.5
13=	Guinea-Bissau	1.7
13=	Mongolia	1.7
13=	S. Africa	1.7
	Europe Avg	2.6
	World Avg	3.0
q=196.

With respect to freethought, Norway ranks 9th-best in the world.

Freedom of Religion and Freedom of Belief are upheld in Article 18 the United Nation's Universal Declaration of Human Rights₄₃. It affirms that it is a basic human right that all people are free to change their beliefs and religion as they wish₄₄. No countries voted against this (although eight abstained). This right was first recognized clearly in the policies of religious toleration of the Netherlands and elsewhere in Europe in the post-enlightenment era₄₅ of the 19th century. In democratic countries, freedom of belief and religion is now taken for granted₄₆. In 2016 a study found that over 180 countries in the world had come to guarantee freedom of religion and belief₄₇. The best countries at doing so are Belgium, The Netherlands and Taiwan_8,48 and the worst: Afghanistan, N. Korea, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia_8,49.

Long-term studies have shown that religious violence and persecution both decrease in cultures where religious freedom is guaranteed₅₀. Despite this, there still are many who are strongly against freedom of belief₄₄, including entire cultures and many individual communities of religious believers. Their alternative is that you are not free to believe what you want and they often state that you cannot change religion without being punished (often including the death penalty): this is bemoaned as one of the most dangerous elements of religion₅₁ and "the denial of religious freedoms is inevitably intertwined with the denial of other freedoms"₅₂ and the solution is, everywhere, to allow religious freedom and the freedom of belief.

For more, see:

• "Freethought - Freedom of Belief and Freedom of Religion" by Vexen Crabtree (2022).